Abstract:

A cathode material was prepared by coating, compaction and calcination using nickel foam as a carrier, acetylene black powder, and nano Fe₃O₄ as a catalyst. This material is capable of achieving in-situ generation of H₂O₂ and activation of H₂O₂ to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the presence of Fe(Ⅱ). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterise the lattice and morphological structures of the samples. The cathode materials prepared were applied to the electro-Fenton system to treat simulated wastewater containing 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, and the electrocatalytic performance of acetylene black/Fe₃O₄ materials was investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions of a Fe₃O₄/C ratio of 3∶7, a current intensity of 50mA and an initial pH of 3 in the electro-Fenton system, the removal rate of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was 70.8% after 120min of electrolysis. The acetylene black/Fe₃O₄ electrodes effectively broadened the pH range (3—11) of the electro-Fenton system. The polyhedral structure of Fe₃O₄ was embedded in the surface of acetylene black, providing a material foundation for the in-situ generation and activation of H₂O₂.

Key words: electrochemistry, catalysis, radical, Fe₃O₄, acetylene black, 2,4,6-TCP

摘要：

以泡沫镍为载体，采用乙炔黑粉末和纳米Fe₃O₄为催化剂，通过涂抹/压实/煅烧方式制备一种能够实现原位产生H₂O₂并在Fe(Ⅱ)存在条件下活化H₂O₂生成羟基自由基（·OH）的阴极材料。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品的晶格结构、形貌结构等进行表征；将制备所得阴极材料应用于电芬顿系统处理2,4,6-三氯苯酚模拟废水，探究乙炔黑/Fe₃O₄材料的电催化性能。结果表明，电芬顿体系中，Fe₃O₄/C为3∶7、电流强度50mA、初始pH为3的最佳实验条件下，电解120min时2,4,6-三氯苯酚的去除率为70.8%，且乙炔黑/Fe₃O₄电极有效拓宽了电芬顿系统的pH适用范围（3~11）。Fe₃O₄以多面体结构形式镶嵌在乙炔黑表面，为H₂O₂的原位产生和活化奠定了物质基础。

关键词: 电化学, 催化, 自由基, 四氧化三铁, 乙炔黑, 2,4,6-三氯苯酚