多进口旋流器流场特征及分离性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0210

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了改善单进口旋流器稳定性差、分级效率低等问题，本文提出了多进口旋流器结构。通过数值模拟方法，在恒定入料工况下，对比分析了单、二、三、四进口旋流器的流场特征和分离性能。研究结果表明：增加旋流器进口数量，会对旋流器流场和分离性能产生积极影响，有利于旋流流场径向压力的增大，且进口数量为偶数时，流场径向静压力增强效果更好；旋流器柱段区域流场切向速度增大，有利于强化旋流器分离能力。同时使用Mixture耦合RSM模型预测了离散相CaCO₃颗粒的分离效率，结果表明多进口旋流器可以在低速度入口条件下完成离散相的高精度分离。入料速度为3m/s的工况条件下，多进口旋流器分离50μm、57.5μm颗粒的底流分配率较单进口旋流器分别提升了10.60%、5.59%，对抑制旋流器溢流产品错配率和提高分级精度有积极的影响。因此，增加旋流器进口数量，可以有效提升旋流分级效率和分离精度。

关键词: 多进口旋流器, 流场特征, 分离性能, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to improve problems of single inlet hydrocyclone such as poor stability and low grading efficiency, a multi-inlet structure of hydrocyclone was proposed. Through numerical simulation, flow field characteristics and separation performance of single, second, third and fourth inlet hydrocyclones were compared and analyzed under constant feeding conditions. The results showed that increasing the number of inlet had a positive effect on flow field and separation performance of the hydrocyclone. Increasing the inlet number of the hydrocyclone was beneficial to increase the radial pressure of the hydrocyclone flow field. When the inlet number was even, the radial static pressure enhancement effect was better. The tangential velocity of the flow field in the column section of the hydrocyclone increases with the increase of the inlet number of the hydrocyclone, which was beneficial to the enhancement of the separation performance of the hydrocyclone. Meanwhile, the separation efficiency of discrete phase CaCO₃ particles were predicted by using the mixture coupled RSM model. The separation efficiency showed that the multi-inlet hydrocyclone can complete the high precision separation of discrete phase under the low velocity inlet condition. At the feeding speed of 3m/s, comparing with single-inlet hydrocyclone, the bottom flow distribution of 50μm and 57.5μm particles separated by multi-inlet hydrocyclone increased by 10.60% and 5.59% respectively, which had positive effects on inhibiting the mismatching rate of the hydrocyclone overflow product and improving the separation performance. Therefore, increasing the number of hydrocyclone inlet can strengthen separation performance clearly.

Key words: hydrocyclone with multi-inlet, characteristics of flow field, separation performance, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ051.8

张悦刊, 葛江波, 刘培坤, 杨兴华. 多进口旋流器流场特征及分离性能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(1): 86-94.

ZHANG Yuekan, GE Jiangbo, LIU Peikun, YANG Xinghua. Flow field characteristics and separation performance of multi-inlet hydrocyclone[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(1): 86-94.

图/表 18

图1 单进口旋流器结构与网格划分

表1 旋流器相关结构参数

旋流器相关结构位置	尺寸/mm
进料体尺寸（D×L）	20×25
溢流管直径（D₁）	25
溢流管长度（L₀）	75
溢流管插入深度（L₁）	50
柱段直径（D₂）	75
柱段高度（L₂）	75
锥段高度（L₃）	186
底流口高度（L₄）	25
底流口直径（D₃）	12.5
溢流管壁厚	5

图2 多进口旋流器结构

图3 网格独立性验证

表2 颗粒粒径分布及体积分数

粒级/μm	颗粒粒径/μm	体积分数/%
<5	2.5	0.35
5~10	7.5	0.62
10~15	12.5	0.75
15~25	20	1.38
25~35	30	1
35~45	40	0.75
45~55	50	0.42
55~60	57.5	0.13

图4 模型准确性验证

图5 旋流器中心截面位置

图6 不同高度静压分布云图

图7 压力分布曲线（z=95mm）

图8 不同位置高度的切向速度云图

图9 轴向速度曲线分布（z=95mm）

图10 轴向零速包络面云图

图11 空气柱形成过程

图12 空气柱边界曲线图

图13 湍动能云图

图14 颗粒轨迹线

图15 底流分配率曲线

表3 分离粒度和可能偏差表

旋流器	入口速度/m·s^-1	d₅₀	E_f
单进口	3	38.30	8.345
双进口	3	36.43	3.3
三进口	3	36.43	3.3
四进口	3	36.43	5.15
单进口	7.5	29.50	6.375

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