关键词: 生物炭, 热解机理, 生物炭改性, 吸附剂, 催化剂, 抗生素

Abstract:

Biochar is a kind of stable porous carbonaceous material produced by pyrolysis of various raw biomass. At present, biochar and its derived carbon-based materials, as functional materials, have not only realized the reasonable recycling utilization of waste to a certain extent, but also achieved both economic and environmental benefits which have attracted much attention from researchers. Herein, the types of raw biomass for biochar, and the formation mechanisms and surface properties of biochar with different components (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin) are reviewed. It focuses on the modification technology of biochar, including physical and chemical treatment, heteroatom doping, metal element doping, co-doping of multiple elements, and improvement of preparation process to increase the specific surface area, reactive sites, and functional groups and improve the pore structure and inorganic components, thereby improving its performance in repairing environmental pollution. Then the specific applications of biochar as an adsorbent or catalyst in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater and its removal mechanism are proposed. Finally, it is pointed out that although biochar has the potential to remove all kinds of antibiotics from water, there are still some knowledge gaps that need to be filled in the optimization of the material itself and the application of engineering antibiotic wastewater.

Key words: biochar, pyrolysis mechanism, biochar modification, adsorbent, catalyst, antibiotics