化工进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 1938-1949.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1332

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

重金属废水电沉积处理技术研究及应用进展

于栋1,2,3(), 罗庆4, 苏伟4, 王亮亮1,2,3, 孙宇维1,2,3, 张忠国1,2,3()   

  1. 1.北京市科学技术研究院轻工业环境保护研究所,北京 100095
    2.中国轻工业节能节水与废水资源化重点 实验室,北京 100095
    3.全国循环经济工程实验室,北京 100095
    4.天津大学化工学院,天津 300350
  • 出版日期:2020-05-05 发布日期:2020-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 张忠国
  • 作者简介:于栋(1990—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水污染治理研究。E-mail:ydydfish@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“水资源高效开发利用”课题(2016YFC0400509);天津市科技计划(16ZXCXSF00100);北京市科学技术研究院高水平创新团队计划(HIT201901);北京市公益性科研院所改革与发展专项项目(2019G-4)

A review on research and application of electrodeposition for heavy metal wastewater treatment

Dong YU1,2,3(), Qing LUO4, Wei SU4, Liangliang WANG1,2,3, Yuwei SUN1,2,3, Zhongguo ZHANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100095, China
    2.Key Laboratery of Energy-water Conservation and Wastewater Resources Recovery, Beijing 100095
    3.China Gircular Economy Engineering Laboratory, Beijing 100095, China
    4.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Online:2020-05-05 Published:2020-05-25
  • Contact: Zhongguo ZHANG

摘要:

重金属污染物具有毒性和不可降解等特点,对生态环境及生物多样性构成威胁,危害人类健康。处理重金属废水的方法很多,电化学方法是其中一种重要的清洁技术,其用途广泛,可以有效去除和回收废水中的重金属离子。本文聚焦于电沉积法,介绍其在重金属废水处理过程中的反应原理和传质机理,重点阐述影响其处理重金属废水效率的主要因素,包括反应器结构、电极材料、电压、电流密度、pH、废水温度、重金属浓度、杂质离子、电流形式、电沉积时间等。同时概括了电沉积技术在重金属废水处理方面的应用情况,并指出了电沉积法处理重金属废水的重要研究方向,如三维电极及新型电极材料的研发、能耗优化、不同重金属离子的分离等,为重金属废水的治理和电沉积技术的研究与应用提供指导。

关键词: 电沉积, 重金属, 废水, 动力学模型, 电化学, 综述

Abstract:

Heavy metals are noxious and nondegradable, which pose a threat to the ecological environment and biodiversity, and even endanger human health. There are many methods to treat heavy metal wastewater, among which electrochemical method is an important cleaner technology. The electrochemical method has a wide range of applications and can effectively remove and recover heavy metal ions from wastewater. Focusing on electrodeposition technology, in this paper, its reaction principle and mass transfer mechanism in the process of heavy metal wastewater treatment were introduced, and then the main factors affecting the efficiency of heavy metal wastewater treatment, such as electrode material, voltage, temperature, pH, current density, current form, and electrodeposition time were elaborated. Besides, the applications of electrodeposition technology in heavy metal wastewater treatment were summarized. The important development areas of heavy metal wastewater treatment by electrodeposition were pointed out, such as the three-dimensional electrode and new electrode materials, the energy efficiency, and the separation of different heavy metal ions, which provides a guidance for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater and makes some suggestions for the research and application of electrodeposition process.

Key words: electrodeposition, heavy metals, waste water, kinetic modeling, electrochemistry, review

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