高强高模维纶纤维的表面修饰及其在水泥中的分散性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0757

化工进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 250-256.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0757

高强高模维纶纤维的表面修饰及其在水泥中的分散性

郑帼^1,^2,³(),苗同梦^1,³,吴波^2,³,周存^2,³

1. 天津工业大学化学与化工学院，天津 300387
2. 天津工业大学纺织学院，天津 300387
3. 天津市纺织纤维界面处理技术工程中心，天津 300270

收稿日期:2019-05-09 出版日期:2020-01-05 发布日期:2020-01-14
通讯作者: 郑帼
作者简介:郑帼（1957—），女，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纺织助剂。E-mail：zhengguo0703@126.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0303200)

Surface modification of high strength and high modulus vinylon fibre and its dispersion performance in cement

Guo ZHENG^1,^2,³(),Tongmeng MIAO^1,³,Bo WU^2,³,Cun ZHOU^2,³

1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
3. Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Textile Fibre Interface Treatment Technology, Tianjin 300270, China

Received:2019-05-09 Online:2020-01-05 Published:2020-01-14
Contact: Guo ZHENG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前高强高模维纶纤维由于缺乏合理的分散方案且分散性不佳，极大地限制了在工程领域的应用。为了解决这一问题，采用聚乙烯醇磷酸酯（TFOPVA）分散剂对高强高模维纶纤维进行表面涂层改性处理，并以此为基础制备维纶纤维/水泥基复合材料。利用X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、万能材料试验机、纤维强伸度仪（XQ-1A）等对改性前后的维纶纤维的分散性及其复合材料的力学性能进行测试和表征。结果表明：当TFOPVA上浆质量分数和吸附量分别为1%和5mg/g时纤维分散效果最佳；维纶纤维短丝在水泥基体中的分散系数提高33.3%；TFOPVA处理后的维纶纤维单丝断裂强度增加4.5%，与维纶纤维之间能牢固结合；TFOPVA改性后的维纶纤维/水泥复合材料的抗压强度和抗折强度相比改性前分别提高了27.9%和21.2%。

关键词: 维纶纤维, 高强度, 高模量, 分散性, 复合材料, 力学性能

Abstract:

The application of high strength and high modulus Vinylon fibre in engineering was limited due to the lack of reasonable dispersion scheme and poor dispersion. In order to solve this problem, the surface of high strength and high modulus Vinylon fibre was modified with polyvinyl alcohol phosphate ester (TFOPVA) dispersant. On this basis, Vinylon fibres/cement composites were prepared with cement as matrix. In addition, the dispersion and mechanical properties of Vinylon fibre and composites after TFOPVA sizing agent were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), universal material testing machine, fibre strength and extensibility meter (XQ-1A), and so on. The results confirmed that the optimum mass fraction and adsorption capacity were 1% and 5mg/g, respectively; the dispersion coefficient of Vinylon fibre staple in cement matrix was increased by 33.3% and the monofilament breaking strength of Vinylon fibre was increased slightly by 4.5%, which could be firmly bonded with Vinylon fibre. Furthermore, the compression strength and flexural strength of modified Vinylon fibre/cement resin composite increased by 27.9% and 21.2%, respectively as compared with unmodified one.

Key words: Vinylon fibre, high strength, high modulus, dispersion, composite, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TQ325.9

郑帼,苗同梦,吴波,周存. 高强高模维纶纤维的表面修饰及其在水泥中的分散性[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(1): 250-256.

Guo ZHENG,Tongmeng MIAO,Bo WU,Cun ZHOU. Surface modification of high strength and high modulus vinylon fibre and its dispersion performance in cement[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(1): 250-256.

图/表 10

图1 维纶纤维与水性基体接触角简化模型

图2 乳液浓度对TFOPVA乳液表面张力及维纶纤维接触角的影响

图3 TFOPVA改性前后维纶纤维在水体系的接触角图

图4 TFOPVA分散剂施覆量对维纶纤维分散系数的影响

图5 TFOPVA分散剂施覆量对维纶纤维单丝断裂强度的影响

图6 TFOPVA改性前后维纶纤维表面的FE-SEM图

表1 改性前后维纶纤维表面元素组成

样品	元素质量分数/%
样品	C	O	N	P
维纶	78.38	18.88	2.74	0
维纶-TFOPVA	69.68	25.61	1.75	2.96

图7 TFOPVA改性前后维纶纤维的XPS C1s峰谱图

图8 TFOPVA分散剂施覆量对复合材料抗压强度的影响

图9 TFOPVA分散剂施覆量对复合材料抗折强度的影响

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高强高模维纶纤维的表面修饰及其在水泥中的分散性

Surface modification of high strength and high modulus vinylon fibre and its dispersion performance in cement

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