化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 4890-4900.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0242

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤基油中芳烃组分的分离及其鉴定研究进展

高亚男(),张生娟,石欣   

  1. 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司碳氢高效利用技术研究中心,陕西 西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-21 出版日期:2019-11-05 发布日期:2019-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 高亚男
  • 作者简介:高亚男(1970—),男,高级工程师,研究方向为重烃轻质化、清洁化利用技术及其分析方法。E-mail: ya_nan@sina.com

Progress of separation, composition and structure identification of aromatic components in coal-derived oil

Yanan GAO(),Shengjuan ZHANG,Xin SHI   

  1. Hydrocarbon High-efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center, Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710075, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2019-02-21 Online:2019-11-05 Published:2019-11-05
  • Contact: Yanan GAO

摘要:

芳烃组分的分离是实现煤基油分质利用的关键技术之一,掌握芳烃组分在煤基油中的分布及其组成结构有助于促进芳烃组分分离技术的开发。本文分别针对蒸馏法、溶剂萃取法、柱层析法等煤基油中混合芳烃组分的分离方法及精馏法、结晶法、超临界萃取法、膜分离法、化学法、吸附法等单一芳烃组分的精制技术进行了系统介绍,指出了各分离方法的优势及不足;同时综述了气相色谱法、液相色谱法、多维色谱联用法、紫外分光光度法等主要的芳烃组分组成及结构鉴定方法;进而探讨了煤基油中芳烃组分分离及其鉴定的发展趋势,认为芳烃组分的精细分离应深入研究各组分间的相互作用,将低能耗、环保型新型分离技术与传统方法相结合,芳烃组分的鉴定应将多种表征手段相结合,多层次、全方位地分析其组成结构。

关键词: 煤基油品, 芳烃组分, 分离, 鉴定

Abstract:

The separation of aromatic components is one of the key technologies for the utilization of coal-derived oils,and the distribution and composition of aromatic components in coal-derived oils is conducive to the development of the separation technology of aromatic components. In this paper,the separation methods of mixed aromatic components in coal-derived oil by distillation,solvent extraction,column chromatography and other methods,as well as the purification techniques of single aromatic components by distillation,crystallization,supercritical extraction,membrane separation,chemical method and adsorption method were introduced respectively,and the advantages and disadvantages of each separation method were also compared objectively.The main methods of aromatics composition and structure identification,such as gas chromatography,liquid chromatography,multidimensional chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry were reviewed. The development trend of isolation and identification of aromatic component were discussed,the article pointed out the aromatic components of fine separation should be in-depth study of the interaction between the components,low energy consumption,environment-friendly new separation technology with traditional methods,the combination of aromatic components of appraisal should be a variety of characterization methods,the combination of multi-level and comprehensive analysis of its structure.

Key words: coal-derived oil, aromatic components, separation, identification

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