我国剩余污泥厌氧转化的主要影响因素及影响机制研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1128

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国剩余污泥产量大，对其进行稳定化、无害化和资源化处理处置迫在眉睫，而厌氧消化技术能够在降低污泥对环境污染的同时回收能源，是目前国际上最受欢迎的污泥减量化和资源化处理技术。本文首先重点归纳了国内外污泥厌氧消化技术应用现状差异和国内外剩余污泥厌氧转化率差异，即我国剩余污泥厌氧转化率处于 20%～50%之间，明显低于发达国家的水平（50%～70%），是我国剩余污泥厌氧消化推广应用程度低于发达国家水平的主要原因。其次从泥质差异的角度总结了导致我国剩余污泥厌氧转化率低于发达国家的主要差异性因素，即微细砂含量（50%～65%）高于发达国家（25%～30%）、金属离子如Ca²⁺、Fe³⁺、Al³⁺和Mg²⁺等的含量高于发达国家、污泥泥龄（10～30d）显著长于发达国家（5～10d）。最后，归纳总结了微细砂、金属粒子和泥龄这三类典型差异性因素对剩余厌氧消化性能的影响机制。对我国剩余污泥厌氧转化的主要影响因素的系统性认识有助于从源头上明晰影响我国剩余污泥厌氧转化性能的重要因素，对影响机制的深入解析有助于提出有针对性的强化措施，从而为我国剩余污泥厌氧消化技术的广泛推广与应用提供有益的借鉴和启发。

关键词: 厌氧消化, 剩余污泥, 泥质, 影响因素, 影响机制

Abstract:

The production of excess sludge in China is large, and it is extremely urgent to realize stabilization, harmlessness and resource of it. Anaerobic digestion technology can recover energy while reducing sludge pollution to the environment, and is currently the most popular sludge treatment technology in the world. Firstly, the differences between the application status of anaerobic digestion technology and conversion efficiency of excess sludge in China and abroad were summarized. That is, the anaerobic conversion efficiency of excess sludge in China is between 20% and 50%, which is significantly lower than that of developed countries (50%—70%). This is the main reason why the application of anaerobic digestion of excess sludge in China is lower than that of developed countries. Secondly, from the perspective of sludge characteristics, the main difference factors that lead to the lower anaerobic conversion efficiency of excess sludge in China than developed countries were summarized. That is, the content of grits (50%—65%) is higher than that of developed countries (25%—30%), the content of metal ions such as Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺, Al³⁺ and Mg²⁺ is higher than that of developed countries, and sludge age (10—30d) is significantly longer than that of developed countries (5—10d). Finally, the influencing mechanism of three typical differential factors of grits, metal irons and sludge age on the anaerobic digestion performance were summarized. The systematic understanding of the main influencing factors on anaerobic conversion of excess sludge in China helps to clarify the bottleneck of anaerobic conversion of excess sludge in China. The in-depth analysis of the influencing mechanism can help to propose targeted strengthening measures, and then provide useful reference and inspiration for the extensive promotion and application of anaerobic digestion technology of excess sludge in China.

Key words: anaerobic digestion, excess sludge, sludge properties, influencing factors, influencing mechanisms

中图分类号:

X705

陈思思,杨殿海,庞维海,董滨,戴晓虎. 我国剩余污泥厌氧转化的主要影响因素及影响机制研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(4): 1511-1520.

Sisi CHEN,Dianhai YANG,Weihai PANG,Bin DONG,Xiaohu DAI. Main influencing factors and mechanisms of anaerobic transformation of excess sludge in China[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(4): 1511-1520.

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