化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (03): 1197-1206.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1175

• 研究开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米TiO2 流体表面改性及对真空闪蒸制冰的影响

章学来(),郑钦月,田镇,王章飞,贾潇雅,陈跃,周鑫晨,甘伟   

  1. 上海海事大学蓄冷技术研究所,上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-05 修回日期:2018-10-26 出版日期:2019-03-05 发布日期:2019-03-05
  • 作者简介:章学来(1964—),男,教授,研究方向为蓄冷蓄热技术、太阳能利用技术、冷链物流技术、空调节能技术。E-mail:xlzhang@shmtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(50976064,51376115)

TiO2 nanofluids surface modification and the influence on the vacuum flash ice-making

Xuelai ZHANG(),Qinyue ZHENG,Zhen TIAN,Zhangfei WANG,Xiaoya JIA,Yue CHEN,Xinchen ZHOU,Wei GAN   

  1. Institute of Cool Storage Technology, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2018-06-05 Revised:2018-10-26 Online:2019-03-05 Published:2019-03-05

摘要:

利用电镜扫描法、紫外分光光度法及烘干称重法对纳米TiO2流体的分散稳定性进行了综合评价,研究了表面活性剂种类及浓度对其分散稳定性的影响。将纳米TiO2流体引入真空闪蒸制取冰浆系统,研究了纳米TiO2浓度、表面活性剂浓度及对吸附作用下纳米TiO2流体真空闪蒸制冰的影响。结果表明,表面活性剂类型对纳米TiO2流体分散稳定性的影响很大,复合型的分散稳定性最佳,其次是阴离子型;纳米粒子及表面活性剂可以增强真空下纳米TiO2流体的成核效果,增大含冰率,降低过冷度;表面活性剂浓度是影响真空闪蒸制冰系统压力及闪蒸率的重要因素,系统压力及闪蒸率均随着表面活性剂浓度的增大而增大;另外,确定了在吸附作用下真空闪蒸制冰系统中使用纳米TiO2流体的最佳条件。在最佳条件下,含冰率为18.35%,过冷度为0.51℃,热导率为0.920W/(m·K),对比蒸馏水有较大改善。吸附作用下真空闪蒸制冰可行性较高,制取冰浆效果优良。

关键词: 冰浆, 闪蒸, 纳米流体, 表面活性剂, 稳定性, 成核, 含冰率

Abstract:

Electron microscopy, UV spectrophotometry and drying weighing were adopted in the experiment to make a comprehensive assessment of the dispersion stability. The effects of surfactant type surfactant and concentration on the dispersion stability of TiO2 nanofluids were analyzed. In addition, the TiO2 nanofluids was used for producing ice slurry in the vacuum flash system. The effects of nano-TiO2 concentration and surfactant concentration on vacuum flash ice-making of TiO2 nanofluids under the adsorption condition were analyzed. According to the experimental results, four conclusions were gained. ① The type of surfactant has great impact on the dispersion stability of TiO2 nanofluids. The flash performance of nanofluids with composite surfactant is the best, followed by the anions. ② Both nano-particles and surfactants can enhance the nucleating effect of TiO2 nanofluids under vacuum, increase the ice packing factor and reduce the supercooling degree. ③ Surfactant concentration has great effects on system pressure and flash rate in vacuum flash system. With the increase of surfactant concentration, both system pressure and flash rate increase. ④ The best experimental condition of the vacuum flash system by using TiO2 nanofluids are determined. Under the best condition, the ice packing factor is 18.35%, the supercooling degree is 0.51℃, and the thermal conductivity is 0.920W/(m·K). Compared with the parameters of distilled water, it is improved greatly.

Key words: ice slurry, flash, nanofluids, surfactants, stability, nucleation, ice packing factor

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