多壁碳纳米管-水/乙二醇纳米流体在汽车散热器中的传热特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0999

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实验研究了多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）-水/乙二醇纳米流体在汽车散热器中的传热特性。在80%/20%的水/乙二醇基液中制备了5种不同体积分数（0.05%，0.1%，0.15%，0.3%和0.5%）的MWCNT纳米流体，通过研究超声波振荡时间对纳米流体稳定性的影响得出，超声波的振荡时间为1h时，纳米流体的稳定性较为良好。将体积分数为0.15%的纳米流体分别添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）作为分散剂进行稳定性实验，分别采用目测法和透射比法来评价纳米流体的稳定性，选出分散效果较好的分散剂种类和添加量并评价了两种纳米流体的稳定性，结果表明：CTAC的添加量为质量分数0.05%、SDBS的添加量为0.1%时，纳米流体的分散效果较好，并且CTAC的分散效果优于SDBS。分别使用单因素实验设计和正交实验设计对不同浓度的纳米流体在不同流速、温度下的传热特性进行分析，纳米流体的体积流量为2～6L/min，入口温度为45～65℃。结果表明，与基液相比，纳米流体的传热速率有了明显的提高，在本实验的最佳工况下（体积分数0.5％，6L/min，65℃），传热速率可提升35.24%。使用熵值法计算出纳米流体的传热速率、压降和有效泵功的权重分别为0.626、0.035、0.340。基于多指标综合评价方法得出，与纳米流体的传热速率增加相比，纳米流体浓度对压降和有效泵功的不利影响可以忽略不计。

关键词: 纳米流体, 汽车散热器, 稳定性, 传热特性

Abstract:

Heat transfer characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) -water / ethylene glycol nanofluids flowing in automotive radiators were experimentally investigated. Nanofluids with five different MWCNT particle volume fraction (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.3% and 0.5%) have been prepared in an 80%/20% solution of water/ethylene glycol. By studying the influence of ultrasonic oscillation time on the stability of nanofluids, it is concluded that the stability of nanofluids is better when the oscillation time is 1h. Two kinds of nanofluids with the volume fraction of 0.15% were respectively added with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as dispersants for stability experiments. The visual and transmissivity methods were used to evaluate the stability of the nanofluids, the better type and amount of dispersant were selected, and the stability of the three nanofluids was evaluated. The results showed that when the addition amount of CTAC was 0.05%, and the addition of SDBS was 0.1%, the dispersion effect of nanofluid was better, and the dispersion effect of CTAC was better than SDBS. The volume flow rate of hot fluids ranges from 2L/min up to 6L/min and the inlet temperature varies from 45℃ to 65℃, respectively. In this paper, the effects of nanofluid volume fraction, inlet temperature and flow rate on the heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids were analyzed using two different types of designs——The one-factor experiment design and the orthogonal experiment design. The results demonstrate that nanofluids clearly enhance the heat transfer rate compared to the base fluid and in the best conditions (0.5%, 6L/min, 65℃) of the experiment range, the heat transfer rate can be increased by 35.24%. Using the entropy method, the weights of the nanoparticles to heat transfer, pressure drop and effective pumping power are 0.626, 0.035, 0.340, respectively. Based on the multi-index comprehensive evaluation method, the adverse effects of pressure drop and pumping power are negligible in the appropriate concentration range compared with the increase of the heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluids.

Key words: nanofluid, car radiator, stability, heat transfer characteristics

中图分类号:

TQ028.8

孙斌,董爽,杨迪,李洪伟. 多壁碳纳米管-水/乙二醇纳米流体在汽车散热器中的传热特性[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(03): 1207-1217.

Bin SUN,Shuang DONG,Di YANG,Hongwei LI. Heat transfer characteristics of MWCNT-water/ethylene glycol nanofluid flow in automotive radiator[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(03): 1207-1217.

图/表 20

参考文献 28

1	中商产业研究院. 2016年全球汽车销量大数据：中国汽车销量蝉联第一[EB/OL]. .
	In the commercial and industrial research institute. Global car sales data for 2016： car sales in China for more than the first[EB/OL]. http: // .
2	韩松 . 车用发动机智能冷却系统基础问题研究[D]. 杭州：浙江大学， 2012.
	HAN Song . Fundamental vesearch on intelligent cooling system for vehicle engines[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2012.
3	CHO H, JUNG D , FILIPI Z S , et al . Application of controllable electric coolant pump for fuel economy and cooling performance improvement [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines & Power, 2007, 129(1): 43-50.
4	PANG H H , BRACE C J , AKEHURST S . Potential of a controllable engine cooling system to reduce NO _x emissions in diesel engines [C]// SAE World Congress & Exhibition. SAE Technical Papers. New York: SAE International, 2004: 146-160.
5	BERNHARD U , FRIEDRICH B , JÜRGEN F , et al . Development of engine cooling systems by coupling CFD simulation and heat exchanger analysis programs [C]//International Congress and Exposition. SAE Technical Papers. New York: SAE International, 2001: 23-37.
6	KULKARNI D P , VAJJHA R S , DAS D K, et al . Application of aluminum oxide nanofluids in diesel electric generator as jacket water coolant [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008, 28(14): 1774-1781.
7	LEE S P, CHOI S , LI S , et al . Measuring thermal conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles [J]. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, 1999, 121(2): 280-289.
8	NARAKI M , PEYGHAMBARZADEH S M , HASHEMABADI S H , et al . Parametric study of overall heat transfer coefficient of CuO/water nanofluids in a car radiator[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2013, 66: 82-90.
9	HUSSEIN A M , BAKAR R A , KADIRGAMA K , et al . Heat transfer enhancement using nanofluids in an automotive cooling system[J]. International Communications in Heat & Mass Transfer, 2014, 53(4): 195-202.
10	M'HAMED B , SIDIK N A C , AKHBAR M F A , et al . Experimental study on thermal performance of MWCNT nanocoolant in Perodua Kelisa, 1000 cc radiator system[J]. International Communications in Heat & Mass Transfer, 2016, 76(8): 156-161.
11	OLIVEIRA G A , CONTRERAS E M C , FILHO E P B . Experimental study on the heat transfer of MWCNT/water nanofluid flowing in a car radiator [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 111(1): 1450-1456.
12	ALI M, EL-LEATHY A M , AL-SOFYANY Z . The effect of nanofluid concentration on the cooling system of vehicles radiator[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 96(8): 1-13.
13	CHAKRABORTY S , SARKAR I , BEHERA D K , et al . Experimental investigation on the effect of dispersant addition on thermal and rheological characteristics of TiO₂ nanofluid[J]. Powder Technology, 2017, 307(2): 10-24.
14	DAS P K, MALLIK A K , GANGULY R , et al . Synthesis and characterization of TiO₂-water nanofluids with different surfactants[J]. International Communications in Heat & Mass Transfer, 2016, 75(7): 341-348.
15	王宏宇，王助良，杜敏，等 . 纳米流体的制备及稳定性分析[J]. 河南科技大学学报(自然科学版)， 2016，53(1): 5-8， 25.
	WANG H Y , WANG Z L , DU M , et al . Preparation and stability of nanofluids[J]. Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2016, 53(1): 5-8， 25.
16	LÜ Y Z , LI C , SUN Q , et al . Effect of dispersion method on stability and dielectric strength of transformer oil-based TiO₂ nanofluids[J]. Nanoscale Research Letters, 2016, 11(1): 515-524.
17	PAK B C, CHO Y I . Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles[J]. Experimental Heat Transfer, 1998, 11(2): 151-170.
18	ŻYŁA G . Thermophysical properties of ethylene glycol based yttrium aluminum garnet (Y₃Al₅O₁₂-EG) nanofluids[J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2016, 92(1): 751-756.
19	XUAN Yimin , ROETZEL W . Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of nanofluids[J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2000, 43(19): 3701-3707.
20	CHEN Haisheng , WITHARANA S , JIN Yi , et al . Predicting thermal conductivity of liquid suspensions of nanoparticles (nanofluids) based on rheology [J]. Particuology, 2009, 7(2): 151-157.
21	BEJAN A . Convection heat transfer[J]. Wiley, 2013, 17(1): 153-232.
22	郭显光 . 熵值法及其在综合评价中的应用[J]. 财贸研究， 1994(6)：56-60.
	GUO X G . Entropy method and its application in comprehensive evaluation[J]. Finance and Trade Research, 1994(6): 56-60.
23	MOFFAT R J . Describing the uncertainties in experimental results [J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 1988, 1(1): 3-17.
24	XUAN Yimin , LI Qiang . Investigation on convective heat transfer and flow features of nanofluids[J]. Journal of Heat Transfer, 2003, 125(1): 151-155.
25	KAKAÇ S , PRAMUANJAROENKIJ A . Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids[J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2009, 52(13/14): 3187-3196.
26	WANG Xinwei , XU Xianfan , CHOI S U S . Thermal conductivity of nanoparticle-fluid mixture[J]. Journal of Thermophysics & Heat Transfer, 1999, 13(13): 474-480.
27	KEBLINSKI P , PHILLPOT S R , CHOI S U S , et al . Mechanisms of heat flow in suspensions of nano-sized particles (nanofluids) [J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2002, 45(4): 855-863.
28	BUONGIORNO J . Convective transport in nanofluids [J]. Journal of Heat Transfer, 2006, 128(3): 240-250.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

833

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	1	0	0	832

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	144	689
比例	17%	83%

摘要

367

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	367

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	219	148
比例	60%	40%

名称	种类	形状	大小	商家	纯度
纳米颗粒	MWCNT	管状颗粒	20nm	上海超威纳米科技有限公司	≥99.9%
表面分散剂	CTAC	白色粉末状固体	—	上海双龙化学品厂	≥99%
表面分散剂	SDBS	白色粉末状固体	—	上海双龙化学品厂	≥99%

名称	种类	形状	大小	商家	纯度
纳米颗粒	MWCNT	管状颗粒	20nm	上海超威纳米科技有限公司	≥99.9%
表面分散剂	CTAC	白色粉末状固体	—	上海双龙化学品厂	≥99%
表面分散剂	SDBS	白色粉末状固体	—	上海双龙化学品厂	≥99%

编号	λ/nm	编号	λ/nm
1	235	5	242
2	242	6	240
3	238	平均	240
4	243

编号	λ/nm	编号	λ/nm
1	235	5	242
2	242	6	240
3	238	平均	240
4	243

测量参数（仪器设备）	精度
温度（热电偶）	0℃时精度±0.15K，100℃时精度±0.35K
流速（流量计）	1.0%
压降（罗斯蒙特压差计）	0.5%
有效泵功（功率计）	0.5%
数据采集器	1.0%