氧化铁浸染型石英中性正浮选制备低铁石英砂

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1055

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氧化铁含量是决定石英在不同领域应用的主要因素，尤其是氧化铁浸染型石英砂，因氧化铁的赋存状态、共伴生、浸染程度及粒度差异，常规擦洗、强磁选及酸法反浮选难以有效降低石英中三氧化二铁含量。中性条件下，以抑制剂抑制含铁矿物、采用捕收剂使充分解离的石英上浮，通过粗选、精选进一步降低石英精砂中三氧化二铁含量。研究表明：自然pH下，采用淀粉基抑制剂CTSS、两性捕收剂兼起泡剂ZD-3联合作用，可将此类石英砂三氧化二铁含量由130～150mg/kg降至60～100mg/kg，满足超白光伏玻璃用硅质原料的质量要求；入浮砂粒度上限为0.6mm，以≤0.5mm为宜；对含铁铝硅酸盐矿物、氧化铁浸染型石英砂，中性正浮选石英精砂三氧化二铁含量低于酸性反浮选石英精砂中该指标；热力学计算表明pH≥5.5时淀粉基抑制剂CTSS与氧化铁表面铁离子发生化学键合的标准自由能变化ΔG为负值，化学键合具有自发趋势，抑制剂CTSS与含铁矿物的优先吸附是实现石英中性正浮选提纯的关键之一。

关键词: 石英, 氧化铁, 降铁, 浮选, 中性

Abstract:

Iron oxide content is the main factor affecting the application of quartz in different fields. Because of the existing form, associated state, disseminated degree and particle size distribution of iron oxide disseminated quartz, conventional scrubbing, high-intensity electromagnetic and acid reverse flotation may not effectively decrease the content of ferric oxide. Using inhibitor to inhibiting iron-bearing minerals, ferric oxide content in quartz can be reduced by certain collector and foaming agent under the neutral condition. Results showed that under the combined action of synthetic organic inhibitor CTSS, amphoteric collector and foaming agent ZD-3, ferric oxide content in quartz could be reduced from 130—150mg/kg to 60—100mg/kg, which meets the quality requirements for ultra white photovoltaic glass. Its upper limit of quartz grain for neutral flotation was 0.6mm, and better with ≤0.5mm, ferric oxide content in quartz purified by neutral flotation is lower than its purified by acid flotation aiming at the separation of iron aluminosilicate minerals and iron oxide disseminated in quartz. Thermodynamic calculations showed that at the chemically bonding between starch based inhibitor CTSS and ferric oxide may be natural at pH≥5.5, its standard Gibbs free energy change is negative, priority adsorption of CTSS is one of the keys to achieve quartz purification by neutral flotation.

Key words: quartz, ferric oxide, de-ironing, flotation, neutral solution

中图分类号:

TD97

张乾伟,石倩倩,吴建新,李佩悦,常志达. 氧化铁浸染型石英中性正浮选制备低铁石英砂[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(03): 1218-1225.

Qianwei ZHANG,Qianqian SHI,Jianxin WU,Peiyue LI,Zhida CHANG. Preparation of low iron quartz by neutral direct flotation from iron oxide disseminated quartz[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(03): 1218-1225.

图/表 13

参考文献 18

1	肖亚雄, 冯其明 . 弱酸性介质中长石和石英的浮选分离研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2017(2): 49-52.
	XIAO Yaxiong , FENG Qiming . Flotation separation of feldspar from quartz under weak acidity medium [J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2017(2): 49-52.
2	张行荣, 吴桂叶, 张杰, 等 . 石英-长石无氟浮选的作用机理[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2013(4): 13-16.
	ZHANG Xingrong , WU Guiye , ZHANG Jie , et al . The flotation mechanism of separation of quartz-feldspar with non-fluorine flotation[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2013(4): 13-16.
3	罗溪梅 . 含碳酸盐铁矿石浮选体系中矿物的交互影响研究[D]. 沈阳: 东北大学, 2014.
	LUO Ximei . Research on interactive effect among minerals in flotation system of carbonate containing iron ore[D]. Shenyang: Northeastern University, 2014.
4	雷绍民, 项婉茹, 刘云涛, 等 . 脉石英反浮选制备高纯石英砂技术研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2012, 35(3): 25-28.
	LEI Shaomin , XIANG Wanru , LIU Yuntao , et al . Study on reverse-flotation technology of preparing high quartz sand with vein quartz[J]. Non-Metallic Mines, 2012, 35(3): 25-28.
5	ZHU Hailing , DENG Haibo , CHEN Chen . Flotation separation of andalusite from quartz using sodium petroleum sulfonate as collector [J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2015, 25(4): 1279-1285.
6	王烨 . 热配制淀粉的特性及其与微细粒赤铁矿的作用机理研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2016.
	WANG Ye . Characteristics of hydrothermal starch and action mechanism with fine hematite[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016.
7	刘若华, 孙伟, 金娇 . 改性淀粉抑制赤铁矿反浮选石英的作用机理研究[J]. 矿冶工程, 2018(1): 50-53.
	LIU Ruowei , SUN Wei , JIN Jiao . Action mechanism of modified starch in reverse flotation of quartz from hematite [J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2018(1): 50-53.
8	刘文宝, 刘文刚, 王鑫阳, 等 . 烷基羟丙基胺作用下石英和赤铁矿的浮选行为[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 38(12): 1775-1779.
	LIU Wenbao , LIU Wengang , WANG Xinyang , et al . Flotation behavior of quartz and hematite in the presence of alkyl hydroxypropyl amine [J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2017, 38(12): 1775-1779.
9	任爱军, 孙传尧, 朱阳戈 . 变性淀粉在赤铁矿阳离子反浮选脱硅中的抑制性能[J]. 工程科学学报, 2017, 39(12): 1815-1821.
	REN Aijun , SUN Chuanyao , ZHU Yangge . Depressing capability of modified starches in the reverse flotation of quartz from hematite with cationic collectors [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2017, 39(12): 1815-1821.
10	刘猛, 郝红英, 赵明 . 阴离子型和非离子型纤维素醚对赤铁矿选择性抑制性能的研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2016(6): 84-88.
	LIU Meng , HAO Hongying , ZHAO Ming . Research on selective depression performance of anionic and non-ionic cellulose ether on hematite [J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2016(6): 84-88.
11	谢兴中 . 褐铁矿与石英正浮选分离及其机理研究[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2017(5): 38-43.
	XIE Xingzhong . Direct flotation separation of limonite from quartz and its action mechanisms[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2017(5): 38-43.
12	姚金, 李东, 印万忠, 等 . 柠檬酸在含碳酸盐赤铁矿浮选体系中的分散机理[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 38(5): 720-724.
	YAO Jin , LI Dong , YIN Wanzhong , et al . Dispersion mechanism of citric acid in flotation system of hematite containing carbonate [J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2017, 38(5): 720-724.
13	郭文达, 朱一民, 韩跃新, 等 . 钙离子对脂肪酸类捕收剂浮选石英的影响机理[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2018(3): 409-415.
	GUO Wenda , ZHU Yimin , HAN Yuexin , et al . Effects and activation mechanism calcium ion on the flotation of quartz with fatty acid collector [J]. Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2018(3): 409-415.
14	唐劭禹, 张凌燕, 张冲, 等 . Fe³⁺对十二烷基磺酸钠捕收石英的活化作用研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2017, 40(5): 79-81.
	TANG Shaoyu , ZHANG Lingyan , ZHANG Chong , et al . Study on activation of sodium dodecyl sulfonate collecting quartz by Fe³⁺ [J]. Non-Metallic Mines, 2017, 40(5): 79-81.
15	周琼波, 韩增辉, 龚丽, 等 . 阳离子胺类捕收剂对石英浮选性能研究[J]. 化工矿物与加工, 2017, 46(12): 1-3.
	ZHOU Qiongbo , HAN Zenghui , GONG Li , et al . Research on cation amines collectors for flotation performance of quartz[J]. Industrial Minerals & Processing, 2017, 46(12): 1-3.
16	LIU Wenbao , LIU Wengang , WEI Dezhou , et al . Synthesis of N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl) laurylamine and its flotation on quartz[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 309: 63-69.
17	何东升, 刘星, 代江, 等 . 两性捕收剂LDS浮选石英及其作用机理[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2017(2): 47-50.
	HE Dongsheng , LIU Xing , DAI Jiang , et al . Floatation behavior and mechanism of quartz using amphoteric collector LDS[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2017(2): 47-50.
18	ZHANG Xingrong , ZHU Yangge , XIE Yu , et al . A novel macromolecular depressant for reverse flotation: synthesis and depressing mechanism in the separation of hematite and quartz[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2017, 186: 175-181.

试样	化学成分/%
试样	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃
A	99.34	0.35	0.014
B	99.47	0.16	0.015
C	99.53	0.17	0.010

试样	化学成分/%
试样	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃
A	99.34	0.35	0.014
B	99.47	0.16	0.015
C	99.53	0.17	0.010

粒级/mm	产率/%
粒级/mm	A试样	B试样	C试样
+0.71	0	0	0
0.6~071	0.32	0	0
0.5~0.6	1.62	0.60	1.15
0.4~0.5	13.47	0.60	2.35
0.3~0.4	36.30	5.76	11.06
0.2~0.3	26.13	25.38	30.73
0.1~0.2	21.02	62.86	51.50
?0.1	1.14	4.81	3.20
累计	100.00	100.00	100.00

粒级/mm	产率/%
粒级/mm	A试样	B试样	C试样
+0.71	0	0	0
0.6~071	0.32	0	0
0.5~0.6	1.62	0.60	1.15
0.4~0.5	13.47	0.60	2.35
0.3~0.4	36.30	5.76	11.06
0.2~0.3	26.13	25.38	30.73
0.1~0.2	21.02	62.86	51.50
?0.1	1.14	4.81	3.20
累计	100.00	100.00	100.00

粒级 /mm	A试样/%		B试样/%		C试样/%
粒级 /mm	精砂	尾砂	精砂	尾砂	精砂	尾砂
+0.71	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
0.6~071	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
0.5~0.6	0.86	4.00	0.00	6.17	0.00	15.87
0.4~0.5	11.68	28.00	0.50	10.00	0.15	15.77
0.3~0.4	38.77	50.82	1.20	32.34	4.76	37.86
0.2~0.3	22.19	12.47	11.30	31.28	25.79	19.19
0.1~0.2	24.17	4.24	76.20	18.30	64.34	10.17
?0.1	2.33	0.47	10.8	1.91	4.96	1.14
累计	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00