关键词: 核电, 二氧化碳, 气候变化, 减排

Abstract: Through the analysis of world energy consumption and nuclear power statistic,the typical countries with nuclear power were recognized by rapid developing,fast shut down ability,large capacity and high ratio of nuclear power on total energy consumption. In additional,energy and electricity distribution,CO₂ emission and reduction by nuclear power in these countries were deeply investigated. This study shows that power plant is the main source for CO₂ emission in these countries,while CO₂ emission per kWh gradually decreased year by year,which is closely related to the adjustment of energy construction. At present,the country with the largest emissions per capita is USA,in addition,the country with the fast increase on this value is South Korea in recent years. Based on the CO₂ emission factor of coal power plant,CO₂ emission reductions of nuclear power accounted for 8.3% of total global CO₂ emissions in 2011,while CO₂ emissions reduction by nuclear power accounted for 1.1% of the total annual emissions in China.

Key words: nuclear power, carbon dioxide, climate change, carbon emission reduction