基于灰色关联与因子分析的沥青老化程度评价

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1052

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沥青路面服役过程中路用性能随着沥青材料的老化呈现下降趋势，采用部分指标分析沥青老化程度无法为沥青路面及时观测养护时机与再生效果提供技术参考。故本文对基质沥青与改性沥青样品室内模拟进行不同程度老化，并对沥青老化前后常规物理性能、流变性能以及化学组成性能进行测试，剔除冗余指标后采用灰色关联分析（grey relation analysis，GRA）与因子分析法进行沥青老化程度评价。结果表明：以灰色关联度分析多指标间的关联性，发现复数剪切模量G*、蠕变劲度模量S、软化点T_R&B、相位角δ与羰基指数I_C=O间的关联度好；运用因子分析法发现，随老化程度的加深，复合因子、高温因子得分及因子综合得分随之增加；并根据因子得分将老化沥青分为轻度、中度及重度三种老化程度。

关键词: 沥青, 老化程度, 灰色关联分析, 因子分析

Abstract:

During the service process of asphalt pavement, the road performance of asphalt shows a decreasing trend due to the asphalt aging. The timely observation of maintenance timing and rejuvenation effect cannot be provided technical reference by the analysis of asphalt aging level with such a few indicators. To this end, virgin asphalt and modified asphalt were aged with different aging levels. Physical performance, rheological performance and chemical composition were tested before and after asphalt aged. Redundant index was removed, and both grey relation analysis (GRA) and factor analysis were used to classify the asphalt aging level. The results showed that based on GRA, the complex shear modulus G*, creep stiffness S, softening point T_R&B, phase angle δ and carbonyl index I_C=O had good correlations. Based on factor analysis, the scores of complex factor, high temperature factor and factor composite all increased with the increase of asphalt aging level. The asphalt aging were classified three levels of deterioration by the factor score of aged asphalt, mild, moderate and severe.

Key words: asphalt, aging degree, grey relation analysis, factor analysis

中图分类号:

U414

罗沛, 李萍, 杨文峰, 李伟. 基于灰色关联与因子分析的沥青老化程度评价[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(9): 5108-5119.

LUO Pei, LI Ping, YANG Wenfeng, LI Wei. Evaluation of the degree of aging of asphalt based on grey relation analysis and factor analysis[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(9): 5108-5119.

图/表 26

参考文献 21

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测试指标	测试结果		技术要求
测试指标	SK	ZH	技术要求
针入度（25℃）/0.1mm	87	85	80~100
延度（10℃）/cm	>100	>100	≥30
软化点/℃	46	46	≥44
动力黏度（60℃）/Pa·s	158	155	≥140
RTFOT后残留物
质量损失/%	-0.1	-0.1	≤±0.8
残留针入度比/%	60	65	≥57
残留延度/%	11	10	≥8

测试指标	测试结果		技术要求
测试指标	SK	ZH	技术要求
针入度（25℃）/0.1mm	87	85	80~100
延度（10℃）/cm	>100	>100	≥30
软化点/℃	46	46	≥44
动力黏度（60℃）/Pa·s	158	155	≥140
RTFOT后残留物
质量损失/%	-0.1	-0.1	≤±0.8
残留针入度比/%	60	65	≥57
残留延度/%	11	10	≥8

测试指标	测试结果		技术要求
测试指标	SK-SBS	ZH-SBS	技术要求
针入度（25℃）/0.1mm	78	75	60～80
延度（5℃）/cm	49.5	47.5	≥30
软化点/℃	83	82	≥55
布氏旋转黏度（135℃）/Pa·s	2.5	2	≤3.0
贮存稳定性离析/℃	1.6	2.1	≤2.5
弹性恢复（25℃）/%	98.2	98.6	≥65
RTFOT后残留物
质量损失/%	-0.1	-0.1	≤±1.0
残留针入度比/%	69	72	≥60
残留延度/%	25	24	≥20

测试指标	测试结果		技术要求
测试指标	SK-SBS	ZH-SBS	技术要求
针入度（25℃）/0.1mm	78	75	60～80
延度（5℃）/cm	49.5	47.5	≥30
软化点/℃	83	82	≥55
布氏旋转黏度（135℃）/Pa·s	2.5	2	≤3.0
贮存稳定性离析/℃	1.6	2.1	≤2.5
弹性恢复（25℃）/%	98.2	98.6	≥65
RTFOT后残留物
质量损失/%	-0.1	-0.1	≤±1.0
残留针入度比/%	69	72	≥60
残留延度/%	25	24	≥20

沥青类型	I_C=O	沥青类型	I_C=O
SK	0.0260	ZH	0.0160
SK-85	0.0460	ZH-85	0.0300
SK-145	0.0770	ZH-145	0.0720
SK-205	0.0880	ZH-205	0.1080
SK-265	0.1280	ZH-265	0.1880
SK-325	0.1480	ZH-325	0.2000