低温和高温条件下低密度磁流变液的剪切应力特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

系统分析了磁流变液在不同剪切速率和电流强度下的剪切应力变化规律。通过制作不同密度、黏度和温度的磁流变液，并在剪切速率从15s⁻¹到1170s⁻¹和电流从0到2A的条件下进行测量。结果表明，随着电流从0增加到2A，剪切应力显著增加，尤其是在高黏度（1000mPa·s）和高剪切速率下，增加更为明显。温度从25℃升高到85℃时，剪切应力整体呈下降趋势，但在高黏度和高电流条件下，这种效应被部分抵消。密度（1.7g/cm³）磁流变液比密度（1.3g/cm³）磁流变液的剪切应力更高，因为高密度液体中磁性颗粒浓度更高，更容易形成链状结构。施加电流不仅使剪切应力线性增加，还表现出加速增加的趋势，说明电流对剪切应力的影响比温度更显著。并且低温低黏度的磁流变液比高温高黏度的磁流变液剪切应力有所降低。因此，磁流变液的黏度和密度对剪切应力有显著影响，电流施加显著增强了其剪切应力。

关键词: 低密度, 磁流变液, 剪切应力, 温度, 黏度

Abstract:

The variation law of shear stress in magnetorheological fluids under different shear rates and current intensities was systematically analyzed. The magnetorheological fluids with different densities, viscosities and temperatures were fabricated and measured at shear rates ranging from 15s^-1 to 1170s^-1 and currents ranging from 0A to 2A. The results showed that the shear stress increased significantly as the current increased from 0A to 2A, especially at high viscosities (1000mPa·s) and high shear rates. An overall decreasing trend in shear stress was observed when the temperature was increased from 25℃ to 85℃, but this effect was partially counteracted at high viscosity and high current conditions. The shear stress was higher in the density (1.7g/cm³) magnetorheological fluid than in the density (1.3g/cm³) magnetorheological fluid because the higher concentration of magnetic particles in the high-density fluid was more prone to the formation of chain-like structures. The applied current not only increased the shear stress linearly, but also showed an accelerated increase, indicating that the effect of current on shear stress was more significant than temperature. The low-temperature and low-viscosity magnetorheological fluid decreased the shear stress than the high-temperature and high-viscosity magnetorheological fluid. In summary, the viscosity and density of the magnetorheological fluid had a significant effect on the shear stress and the current application significantly enhanced its shear stress.

Key words: low density, magnetorheological fluid, shear stress, temperature, viscosity

中图分类号:

TM271

王振环, 李昌洙, 王志勇. 低温和高温条件下低密度磁流变液的剪切应力特性[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(9): 5101-5107.

WANG Zhenhuan, LEE Changsoo, WANG Zhiyong. Shear stress characterization of low-density magnetorheological fluids at low and high temperatures[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(9): 5101-5107.

图/表 10

图1 磁流变液性能实验装置和示意图

表1 磁流变液性能试验条件

参数	数值
密度/g⋅cm^-3	1.3、1.5、1.7
黏度/mPa·s	100、1000
施加电流/A	0、0.25、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2
剪切速率/s^-1	15、180、340、510、680、840、1010、1170
搅拌时间/min	10
温度/℃	25、85

图2 温度25℃和密度1.3g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图3 温度85℃和密度1.3g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图4 温度25℃和密度1.5g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图5 温度85℃和密度1.5g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图6 温度25℃和密度1.7g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图7 温度85℃和密度1.7g/cm3情况下不同黏度的剪切应力

图8 温度25℃和黏度100mPa·s、1000mPa·s情况下不同密度的剪切应力

图9 温度85℃和黏度1000mPa·s情况下不同密度的剪切应力变化

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