实际规模PN/A工艺载体挂膜性能与微生物群落

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1310

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于厌氧氨氧化菌生长速度相对缓慢，在工业上通常采用添加载体填料的方式缩短反应器启动时间。为了评估不同载体对厌氧氨氧化微生物的挂膜效果，在处理煤化工废水的实际规模固定生物膜-活性污泥（IFAS）反应池中，测试了聚氨酯（PU）、聚乙烯（PE）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）3种载体的挂膜效果。结果表明，第110天时，3种载体均形成成熟的生物膜，PU、PE和PVA载体生物富集量分别为(3.84±0.36)mg VSS/(cm³填料)、(2.40±0.41)mg VSS/(cm³填料)和(1.82±0.17)mg VSS/(cm³填料)，胞外聚合物（EPS）含量分别为(0.250±0.022)mg/(cm³填料)、(0.018±0.0031)mg/(cm³填料)和(0.0096±0.0018)mg/(cm³填料)；并且，在面对水质波动和系统故障时，PU载体也表现出更强的稳定性和抗冲击能力。此外，PU载体中的微生物具有更复杂的网络拓扑结构，可为微生物的栖息提供更多可利用的底物及营养物质，同时，微生物的互作关系也更加紧密。以上结果表明，相对PE和PVA而言，PU更适合作为厌氧氨氧化工艺的生物膜载体。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 固定化, 生物膜, 群落特性, 生物反应器

Abstract:

Due to the relatively slow growth rate of anammox bacteria, the reactor start-up time is usually shortened in industry by adding carrier fillers. In order to evaluate the effect of carriers on the film attachment of anammox bacteria, three carriers, polyurethane (PU), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), were tested in a real-scale IFAS reactor treating coal chemical wastewater. At 110d, all three carriers formed mature biofilms, with bio-enrichment of (3.84±0.36)mg VSS/(cm³ filler), (2.40±0.41)mg VSS/(cm³ filler) and (1.82±0.17)mg VSS/(cm³ filler) for PU, PE and PVA carriers, and EPS contents of (0.250±0.022)mg/(cm³ filler), (0.018±0.0031)mg/(cm³ filler) and (0.0096±0.0018)mg/(cm³ filler), respectively; moreover, PU carriers showed more excellent stability and shock resistance in the face of water quality fluctuations and system failure. In addition, the microorganisms in PU carriers had a more complex network topology, which could provide more available substrates and nutrients for microbial habitats, and the microbial interactions were also closer. The above results indicated that PU carriers were more suitable as biofilm carriers for the anammox process than PE and PVA carriers.

Key words: Anammox, immobilization, biofilm, community characterization, bioreactors

中图分类号:

X703

赵星程, 贾方旭, 刘晨雨, 韩宝红, 梅宁, 姚宏. 实际规模PN/A工艺载体挂膜性能与微生物群落[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(9): 5242-5249.

ZHAO Xingcheng, JIA Fangxu, LIU Chenyu, HAN Baohong, MEI Ning, YAO Hong. Biofilm attachment performances and microbial communities of the carriers in full-scale PN/A process[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(9): 5242-5249.

图/表 7

图1 PU、PE和PVA载体填料的实际照片

图2 PN/A系统处理实际工业废水的脱氮性能

图3 反应器中PU、PE和PVA载体填料生物富集量及EPS含量

图4 三种填料的多样性指数

图5 PU、PE和PVA门、属水平菌群结构及AnAOB生物量

图6 PU、PE和PVA填料的群落共现模型（红色连线代表正相关，蓝色连线代表负相关）

表1 3种填料的微生物群落共现网络参数

拓扑性质	数值
拓扑性质	PU	PE	PVA
节点数	302	170	228
边个数	1618	330	566
图密度	0.036	0.023	0.022
平均聚类系数	0.436	0.36	0.377
度中心性集中度	0.158	0.067	0.071
应力中心性集中度	15.865	2.473	2.568
传递性	0.688	0.4	0.404
连通性	0.811	0.268	0.561

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