以级联反应为基础的多酶共固定载体研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1431

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多酶共固定体系以级联反应体系为基础，将两种或两种以上的酶固定在同一载体上，具有较高的原子经济性和可持续利用性，已成为材料科学、生命科学、生物医药等多种领域的研究热点。选择适宜的载体材料是提高多酶共固定体系催化效率最基本也是最重要的途径。本文以葡萄糖氧化酶和辣根过氧化物酶构建的级联反应作为研究对象，分别从随机固定、分区域固定以及定向固定这三种不同的载体和酶之间的作用形式入手，概述了目前用于多酶共固定体系的载体研究进展。最后分析了多酶共固定领域目前存在的局限和挑战，以期为更多多酶共固定体系提供研究思路。

关键词: 级联反应, 酶固定化, 多酶共固定化, 载体材料

Abstract:

Multi-enzyme co-immobilization systems, in which two or more enzymes are immobilized onto or into the same carrier, are based on enzyme cascade reactions. Due to their high atomic economy and sustainable utilization properties, such systems have become a research hotspot in various fields such as material science, life science, and biomedicine. Selecting suitable carrier materials is the most basic and important way to improve the catalytic efficiency of multi-enzyme co-immobilization system. In this paper, the cascade reaction consisted of glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase was used as the model reaction, and the current research progress of carriers for multi-enzyme co-immobilization was summarized from three different interaction forms between carriers and enzymes: random immobilization, partition immobilization and directional immobilization, respectively. Finally, in order to provide research ideas for more multi-enzyme co-immobilization systems, the limitations and challenges in this field were analyzed.

Key words: cascade reactions, enzyme immobilization, multi-enzyme co-immobilization, carrier material

中图分类号:

Q814

张耀丹, 孙若溪, 陈鹏程. 以级联反应为基础的多酶共固定载体研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3167-3176.

ZHANG Yaodan, SUN Ruoxi, CHEN Pengcheng. Advances of multi-enzyme co-immobilization carrier based on cascade reactions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(6): 3167-3176.

图/表 7

参考文献 67

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共固定策略	固定材料	固定化结果
随机固定	SBA-15介孔材料^[14]	(GOD/SBA-15)-(HRP/SBA-15）比活力为(0.4±0.1)μmol/(min·mg)
	二氧化硅^[15]	7天后吸光度为初始样品的90%
	PPCS纳米颗粒^[60]	核/壳纳米粒子（PPCS NPs）使活性提高20%
	SnO₂多孔纳米纤维^[61]	检测线性响应范围为5~100μmol/L，检测极限1.8μmol/L
	玻碳电极^[62]	检测线性响应范围为0.022~7.0mmol/L
	碳纳米管^[63]	15天后酶活为初始样品酶活的64%
	Cu₃(PO₄)₂·3H₂O杂化纳米花^[64]	检测线性响应范围为0.1~10mmol/L，检测极限为25μmol/L
	氧化石墨烯^[65]	2个月后酶活为初始样品酶活的85%
	UIO-66金属有机框架^[66]	在室温下超过1个月的长期稳定性
分区域固定	Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子^[67]	重复使用8次，固定体系酶活为初始样品酶活的67.21%
	de-PG2聚阳离子树枝状聚合物^[48]	2周后酶活为初始样品酶活的70%~75%
	DNA“折纸技术”^[51]	酶分子之间距离为10nm时，酶活性超出游离酶的15倍
定向固定	PANI聚合物构建支架^[53]	催化效率是游离酶的24倍
	多壁碳纳米管^[57]	构建的生物传感器灵敏度比构建的单酶生物传感器灵敏度高5.2倍
	P1-P2/DM/MP DNA结构共价结合^[58]	酶活比GOD/HRP游离体系酶活高了24.7%

共固定策略	固定材料	固定化结果
随机固定	SBA-15介孔材料^[14]	(GOD/SBA-15)-(HRP/SBA-15）比活力为(0.4±0.1)μmol/(min·mg)
	二氧化硅^[15]	7天后吸光度为初始样品的90%
	PPCS纳米颗粒^[60]	核/壳纳米粒子（PPCS NPs）使活性提高20%
	SnO₂多孔纳米纤维^[61]	检测线性响应范围为5~100μmol/L，检测极限1.8μmol/L
	玻碳电极^[62]	检测线性响应范围为0.022~7.0mmol/L
	碳纳米管^[63]	15天后酶活为初始样品酶活的64%
	Cu₃(PO₄)₂·3H₂O杂化纳米花^[64]	检测线性响应范围为0.1~10mmol/L，检测极限为25μmol/L
	氧化石墨烯^[65]	2个月后酶活为初始样品酶活的85%
	UIO-66金属有机框架^[66]	在室温下超过1个月的长期稳定性
分区域固定	Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子^[67]	重复使用8次，固定体系酶活为初始样品酶活的67.21%
	de-PG2聚阳离子树枝状聚合物^[48]	2周后酶活为初始样品酶活的70%~75%
	DNA“折纸技术”^[51]	酶分子之间距离为10nm时，酶活性超出游离酶的15倍
定向固定	PANI聚合物构建支架^[53]	催化效率是游离酶的24倍
	多壁碳纳米管^[57]	构建的生物传感器灵敏度比构建的单酶生物传感器灵敏度高5.2倍
	P1-P2/DM/MP DNA结构共价结合^[58]	酶活比GOD/HRP游离体系酶活高了24.7%

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