近临界水处理废弃烟梗工艺优化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1981

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究近临界水（NCW）处理烟梗获得植物营养液和生物炭的最优处理工艺，采用正交试验设计，对NCW处理烟梗工艺进行优化，设计了料液比、反应温度和反应时间的三因素三水平正交试验。结果表明： ①NCW液化烟梗的最优处理组合为料液比1∶14，温度180℃，时间15min，烟梗生物炭产率最高和气化率最低的条件均为料液比1∶4，温度180℃，时间15min；②NCW液化烟梗制备植物营养液中有机质、总氮磷钾和中微量元素含量的最优处理条件均料液比1∶4，温度180℃，时间15min；③结合工艺优化目标与植物营养液质量进行综合评价，T9为最优处理，在此处理下，烟梗液化率51.8%，生物炭产率31.8%，综合利用率达83.6%。获得的植物营养液有机质含量(63.1±1.2)g/L，氮磷钾（N+P₂O₅+K₂O）总含量（5.748±0.017)g/L，中微量元素含量(101.0±3.2)mg/L，达到相关企业标准，可以作为植物营养液使用。

关键词: 近临界水, 烟梗, 正交试验, 植物营养液, 生物炭

Abstract:

To explore the optimal treatment process of plant nutrient solution and biochar obtained from tobacco stem treated with near-critical water (NCW), an orthogonal test design was used to investigate the effects of different factors (solid-liquid ratio, temperature, and reaction time) on the liquefaction rate, biochar yield, gasification rate and nutrient content in the liquid phase. The article analyzed the optimum process conditions of tobacco stems with near-critical water by using the combined analysis of extreme difference, variance analysis and affiliation function. The results showed that: ①The optimal treatment combination of NCW liquefaction tobacco stem was the material-liquid ratio 1∶14, 180℃ and 15min. The conditions with the highest biochar yield and the lowest gasification rate were the liquid ratio 1∶4, 180℃ and 15min. ②The optimal treatment conditions for the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium, medium and trace elements in the liquid were 1∶4, 180℃ and 15min, respectively. ③Combined with the process optimization target and the quality of plant nutrient solution, T9 was the optimal treatment. Under this treatment, the liquefaction rate of tobacco stem was 51.8%, the biochar yield was 31.8%, and the comprehensive utilization rate was 83.6%. The organic matter content of the plant nutrient solution was (63.1±1.2)g/L, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N + P₂O₅ + K₂O) was (5.748±0.017)g/L, and the content of medium trace element was (101.0±3.2)mg/L, which met the relevant enterprise standards and could be used as plant nutrient solution.

Key words: near-critical water, tobacco stem, orthogonal test, plant nutrient solutions, biochar

中图分类号:

TQ449⁺.6

王浩然, 殷全玉, 方明, 侯建林, 李军, 何斌, 张明月. 近临界水处理废弃烟梗工艺优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 5019-5027.

WANG Haoran, YIN Quanyu, FANG Ming, HOU Jianlin, LI Jun, HE Bin, ZHANG Mingyue. Optimization of near critical-water treatment process of tobacco stems[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 5019-5027.

图/表 12

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水平组	料液比（A）	温度（B）	反应时间（C）
1	1∶14（10g∶140g）	180	15
2	1∶6.5（20g∶130g）	220	45
3	1∶4（30g∶120g）	260	90

水平组	料液比（A）	温度（B）	反应时间（C）
1	1∶14（10g∶140g）	180	15
2	1∶6.5（20g∶130g）	220	45
3	1∶4（30g∶120g）	260	90

试验组	料液比（A）	温度（B）	反应时间（C）	空列（D）
T1	1∶14（1）	260（3）	15（1）	1
T2	1∶6.5（2）	180（1）	90（3）	1
T3	1∶4（3）	260（3）	90（3）	2
T4	1∶14（1）	180（1）	45（2）	2
T5	1∶14（1）	220（2）	90（3）	3
T6	1∶6.5（2）	260（3）	45（2）	3
T7	1∶6.5（2）	220（2）	15（1）	2
T8	1∶4（3）	220（2）	45（2）	1
T9	1∶4（3）	180（1）	15（1）	3

试验组	料液比（A）	温度（B）	反应时间（C）	空列（D）
T1	1∶14（1）	260（3）	15（1）	1
T2	1∶6.5（2）	180（1）	90（3）	1
T3	1∶4（3）	260（3）	90（3）	2
T4	1∶14（1）	180（1）	45（2）	2
T5	1∶14（1）	220（2）	90（3）	3
T6	1∶6.5（2）	260（3）	45（2）	3
T7	1∶6.5（2）	220（2）	15（1）	2
T8	1∶4（3）	220（2）	45（2）	1
T9	1∶4（3）	180（1）	15（1）	3

处理组	液化率/%	生物炭产率/%	气体产率/%
T1	53.1±3.3	11.9±0.9	35.0±4.1
T2	55.7±2.0	29.7±0.3	14.6±1.7
T3	39.0±2.2	21.4±1.6	39.6±1.4
T4	61.2±3.5	26.1±0.9	12.7±3.1
T5	57.1±4.6	20.5±0.2	22.4±4.7
T6	48.2±2.9	17.9±1.3	34.0±4.0
T7	51.0±2.1	25.0±0.5	24.0±1.6
T8	44.4±3.6	27.6±2.1	28.0±2.6
T9	51.8±2.3	31.8±1.4	16.4±0.9