酸改性猪粪生物炭的制备及其对直接红23染料的吸附性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0445

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以直接红23染料（DR23）溶液模拟印染废水，对比分析了酸改性前后猪粪生物炭对DR23的吸附特性与机理。通过静态吸附实验考察了DR23溶液的pH、初始浓度、吸附时间、吸附温度、吸附剂添加量等条件对吸附效果的影响，并确定了该吸附过程的吸附动力学和吸附等温线。研究发现，相比于未改性生物炭（PMB），酸改性后生物炭（PMB_acid）结构变得疏松多孔，表面官能团丰富，表现出更优的脱色性能，对DR23的吸附去除率最高可达96.10%，最大饱和吸附量为111.51mg/g，且在经过3次循环再生后，PMB_acid对DR23的去除率仍可达到88.31%；此外，pH对PMB_acid的脱色吸附性能影响较小。PMB_acid对DR23的吸附是一个受反应速率和扩散控制的复杂过程，符合于伪二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型；PMB_acid对DR23的吸附机理取决于吸附剂的物理化学性质，其孔结构及各官能团通过不同的机制参与了生物炭对DR23的吸附过程。

关键词: 猪粪, 生物炭, 酸改性, 吸附, 直接红23染料

Abstract:

Direct Red 23 (DR23) solution was used to simulate dye wastewater, and the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of pig manure biochar before and after acid modification were compared. The influence of pH, initial concentration, adsorption time, adsorption temperature and the amount of adsorbent on the adsorption effect were investigated by static adsorption experiments, and the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were determined. It is found that compared with unmodified biochar (PMB), acid-modified biochar (PMB_acid) exhibits better decolorization performance with porous structure and rich surface functional groups. The maximum adsorption removal rate of DR23 is 96.10%, the maximum saturated adsorption capacity is 111.51mg/g, and the removal rate of DR23 by PMB_acid can still reach 88.31% after three cycles of regeneration. In addition, pH value has little influence on the adsorption performance of PMB_acid. The adsorption of DR23 by PMB_acid is a complex process controlled by reaction rate and diffusion, which fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption mechanism of biochar for DR23 depends on the physicochemical properties of the adsorbent, and its pore structure and functional groups participate in the adsorption process of biochar for DR23 through different mechanisms.

Key words: pig manure, biochar, acid modification, adsorption, Direct Red 23

中图分类号:

X713

江汝清, 余广炜, 王玉, 黎长江, 邢贞娇. 酸改性猪粪生物炭的制备及其对直接红23染料的吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6489-6499.

JIANG Ruqing, YU Guangwei, WANG Yu, LI Changjiang, XING Zhenjiao. Preparation of acid-modified pig manure biochar and its adsorption performance on Direct Red 23[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(12): 6489-6499.

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参数	数值
工业分析（干基，质量分数）
灰分/%	19.22
挥发分/%	66.98
固定碳/%	13.80
元素分析（干基，质量分数）
C/%	38.11
H/%	6.03
N/%	4.21
S/%	0.79
pH	7.05
电导率（EC）	3.06
阳离子交换量（CEC）/cmol·kg^-1	92.04
孔隙结构
BET比表面积/m²·g^-1	1.0315
总孔体积/cm³·g^-1	0.0075
平均孔直径/nm	26.4431

生物炭	温度/℃	Freundlich方程式(3)			Langmuir方程式(4)
生物炭	温度/℃	K_f	1/n	R²	b	q_m	R²
PMB	25	14.68	0.01302	-0.22	0.64	15.89	0.97
	35	21.21	0.01433	-0.24	0.25	18.32	0.97
	45	21.73	0.00366	-0.24	0.36	20.68	0.96
PMB_acid	25	41.48	0.22907	0.94	0.31	105.82	0.99
	35	49.51	0.19545	0.97	0.41	108.17	0.99
	45	58.12	0.16298	0.97	0.47	111.51	0.99

染料	吸附剂	吸附能力/mg·g^-1	参考文献
DR23	PMB	20.68	本研究
DR23	PMB_acid	111.51	本研究
DR23	猪粪生物炭	17.82	［27］
DR23	污泥生物炭	111.98	［28］
直接红80	大蒜秸秆	107.53	［8］
直接红80	杏仁壳	20.5	［7］
刚果红	斜发沸石	16.90	［26］
刚果红	铁改性斜发沸石	36.70	［26］

生物炭	q_e,exp/mg·g^-1	伪一级动力学方程式(5)			伪二级动力学方程式(6)
生物炭	q_e,exp/mg·g^-1	k₁/min^-1	q_cal/mg·g^-1	R²	k₂/g·mg^-1·min^-1	q_cal/mg·g^-1	R²
PMB	15.01	0.03	10.49	0.8765	6.80×10^-3	15.54	0.9983
PMB_acid	38.18	0.06	26.04	0.8460	7.95×10^-3	38.62	0.9996

生物炭	比表面积/m²·g^-1	总孔体积/cm³·g^-1	平均孔径/nm
PMB	2.1775	0.0109	14.8857
PMB_-ad	1.7825	0.0135	12.4721
PMB_acid	85.8710	0.0850	4.0232
PMB_acid-ad	84.6621	0.0952	3.9592