工业园区分布式综合能源系统的规划与调度

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1598

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为降低碳排放水平、提高经济效益，基于园区资源禀赋与负荷需求特性，提出了一种天然气内燃机耦合屋顶光伏与地源热泵的并网型分布式综合能源系统，实现区域级冷、热、电、蒸汽协同供应。以二氧化碳排放量、费用年值、年均购电波动最小化为目标建立优化模型，对系统进行供能设备容量配置规划与日前运行调度。以西安市某工业园区为案例，基于全时负荷数据获得各单一目标及多目标优化下的最佳容量。根据综合目标规划结果得到全年性能，并选取供热季与供冷季的典型日进行调度研究。针对光伏装机、电价、气价的波动作敏感性分析，确定对应储能规模及性能变化。结果表明：在满足需求的前提下，分布式综合能源系统的环保性、稳定性均明显提升，费用年值对电价和气价的变化最为敏感。

关键词: 集成, 再生能源, 优化设计, 运行调度, 分布式能源系统

Abstract:

In order to reduce carbon emissions and improve economic benefits, a grid-connected distributed integrated energy system coupling gas-fired internal combustion engine, rooftop photovoltaics and ground source heat pump was proposed to realize the coordinated supply of regional cooling, heating, power and steam based on the resource endowment and load demand characteristics of the park. With the objective of minimizing the carbon dioxide emissions, annual cost and average power purchase fluctuation, the capacity allocation planning and day-ahead operation dispatch of the system were carried out through the established optimization model. Taking an industrial park in Xi’an as the study case, the optimal capacities under each single objective and multi-objective optimization were obtained based on the load data throughout the year. According to the comprehensive planning results, the annual performance was calculated, and the typical days of heating period and cooling period were selected for dispatch research. The sensitivity analysis was made for the fluctuations of photovoltaics installation, electricity price and gas price, and the corresponding energy storage capacities and system performance changes were determined. The results indicated that the environmental performance and stability of the distributed integrated energy system could be significantly improved under the premise of meeting the demand, and the annual cost was the most sensitive to the changes of electricity price and gas price.

Key words: integration, renewable energy, optimal design, operation dispatch, distributed energy system

中图分类号:

TK01

薛凯, 王帅, 马金鹏, 胡晓阳, 种道彤, 王进仕, 严俊杰. 工业园区分布式综合能源系统的规划与调度[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3510-3519.

XUE Kai, WANG Shuai, MA Jinpeng, HU Xiaoyang, CHONG Daotong, WANG Jinshi, YAN Junjie. Planning and dispatch of distributed integrated energy systems for industrial parks[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(7): 3510-3519.

图/表 14

图1 工业园区分布式综合能源系统能流图

图2 求解过程示意图

图3 工业园区全年冷热负荷

表1 110 kV大工业用电分时电价

时段	时间	电价/CNY·kWh^–1
高峰时段	8:00—11:30，18:30—23:00	0.773957
平时段	7:00—8:00，11:30—18:30	0.492725
低谷时段	0:00—7:00，23:00—24:00	0.211493
尖峰时段	7、8月：19:30—21:30， 1、12月：18:30~20:30	0.928748

表2 设备性能及经济参数[13, 17, 20, 21]

设备	性能参数	单位成本 /CNY·kW^–1
光伏	K_PV=0.77	3500
内燃机	N_GE=2MW，η_GE,R=0.437，λ_GE=1.08	3750
余热锅炉	η_WHB=0.80	200
地源热泵	λ_GP,C=5.45，λ_GP,H=4.18	2000
锂离子电池	η $E S c h$ =0.96，η $E S d c h$ =0.96，γ_min=0.10，γ_max=1.00	3200
吸收式制冷机	λ_AC=1.50	1500
换热器	η_HE=0.90	200

表2 设备性能及经济参数[13, 17, 20, 21]

设备	性能参数	单位成本 /CNY·kW^–1
光伏	K_PV=0.77	3500
内燃机	N_GE=2MW，η_GE,R=0.437，λ_GE=1.08	3750
余热锅炉	η_WHB=0.80	200
地源热泵	λ_GP,C=5.45，λ_GP,H=4.18	2000
锂离子电池	η $E S c h$ =0.96，η $E S d c h$ =0.96，γ_min=0.10，γ_max=1.00	3200
吸收式制冷机	λ_AC=1.50	1500
换热器	η_HE=0.90	200

表3 容量配置与评价指标结果

项目	S1	S2	S3	S4
光伏/MW	24.00	24.00	24.00	24.00
内燃机/台	3	5	5	5
余热锅炉/MW	3.80	7.23	7.23	7.23
地源热泵/MW	0.95	0	0	0
锂离子电池/MWh	4.80	32.00	32.00	7.15
吸收式制冷机/MW	0	3.44	3.44	3.44
换热器/MW	0	2.99	2.99	2.99
CO₂排放量/万吨	3.74	3.48	3.48	3.57
费用年值/万元	5035.73	5365.35	5365.35	5116.51
购电波动/kWh·h^–1	1086.69	888.20	888.20	933.19

图4 综合目标优化帕累托解集

图5 典型日冷热负荷调度

图6 典型日电负荷调度

图7 典型日电池荷电状态

表4 多目标优化配置年经济性

项目	成本/万元
年化初投资	1167.53
年维护成本	80.14
年购气成本	2361.62
年购电成本	1596.68
年化光伏发电补贴	89.46

图8 光伏容量对系统性能的影响

图9 电价对系统性能的影响

图10 气价对系统性能的影响

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