耐高温胍胶压裂液及其对储层的伤害机理研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0131

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着油气资源的勘探开发不断向深层超深层储层发展，常规胍胶压裂液不能满足高温超高温储层压裂施工需求。国内外学者致力于从胍胶耐温改性与新型耐高温交联剂合成两个方向提升胍胶压裂液的耐温性能，同时研究了胍胶压裂液对储层的伤害机理，取得了较大进展。本文回顾了近年来国内外耐高温胍胶压裂液的发展动态，阐述了关于耐高温改性胍胶和耐高温交联剂合成的研究现状，从胍胶压裂液对储层的伤害类型和伤害机理角度进行了总结，重点分析了胍胶压裂液对高温储层伤害机理的研究进展。最后指出，应该继续通过化学改性进一步提高胍胶自身的耐温性能，同时加强对破胶剂和纳米交联剂的研究，并提出高效低伤害的纳米交联压裂液是耐高温胍胶压裂液未来可能的发展方向。

关键词: 胍胶压裂液, 耐高温, 渗透率, 储层伤害机理, 纳米材料

Abstract:

As the exploration and development of oil and gas resources continue to develop into deep and ultra-deep reservoirs, conventional guar gum fracturing fluids cannot meet the needs of high temperature and ultra-high temperature reservoir fracturing operations. The researchers are committed to improving the temperature resistance of guar gum fracturing fluids from two directions: the temperature resistance modification of guar gum and the synthesis of new high temperature resistant crosslinking agents. Great progress has been made in the research on the damage mechanism of guar fracturing fluid to reservoirs. This paper reviewed the development trends of high temperature resistant guar gum fracturing fluids at home and abroad in recent years. The research status of the synthesis of high temperature resistant modified guar gum and high temperature resistant cross-linking agent was expounded. The damage types and damage mechanisms of guar gum fracturing fluid to reservoirs were summarized. The research progress of the damage mechanism of guar gum fracturing fluid to high temperature reservoirs was mainly analyzed. Finally, it was pointed out that the thermal resistance of guar gum should be further improved by chemical modification, and the research on gel breakers and nano crosslinkers should be strengthened. It was proposed that the nano crosslinking fracturing fluid with high efficiency and low damage was the possible development direction of high temperature resistant guar gum fracturing fluid in the future.

Key words: guar gum fracturing fluid, high temperature resistant, permeability, mechanism of reservoir damage, nanomaterials

中图分类号:

TE39

张传保, 王彦玲, 陈孟鑫, 梁诗南, 史文静. 耐高温胍胶压裂液及其对储层的伤害机理研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(11): 5912-5924.

ZHANG Chuanbao, WANG Yanling, CHEN Mengxin, LIANG Shinan, SHI Wenjing. Research progress on high temperature resistant guar gum fracturing fluid and its damage mechanism to reservoirs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(11): 5912-5924.

图/表 15

图1 阳离子胍胶结构[16]

图2 温敏性疏水缔合型阴离子胍胶（PAGG）的合成[22]

图3 有机锆交联剂延缓交联示意图[32]

图4 有机硼交联胍胶机理[35]

图5 有机硼交联剂ABE-30簇状结构示意图[41]

图6 有机硼锆交联剂示意图

图7 不同形貌的纳米交联剂交联胍胶机理[54]

图8 岩心驱替装置

图9 压裂液残渣对储层的伤害[68]

图10 支撑剂由水湿转变为油湿[76]

图11 支撑剂在压力作用下嵌入岩石表面导致岩石破碎[76]

图12 胍胶通过氢键和化学键作用吸附在支撑剂的表面[80]

图13 破胶液浸泡前后的岩心伤害SEM图[81]

图14 HPG的吸附机理和SNP的抑制机理示意图[85]

图15 砂岩CT扫描机孔喉划分结果[86]

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