反硝化除磷+短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺的深度脱氮除磷效能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0863

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 2191-2201.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0863

反硝化除磷+短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺的深度脱氮除磷效能

汪宇光¹(), 张星星¹, 王超超¹, 夏云康¹, 王垚¹, 周澄¹, 吴翼伶¹, 吴鹏¹^,²^,³, 徐乐中¹^,²^,³()

^1.苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏苏州 215009
^2.城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室，江苏苏州 215009
^3.江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心，江苏苏州 215009

收稿日期:2021-04-22 修回日期:2021-05-22 出版日期:2022-04-23 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 徐乐中
作者简介:汪宇光（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为污水处理与回用技术。E-mail：746962887@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51578353)

Achieving advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal based on denitrifying phosphorus removal and partial denitrification Anammox process

WANG Yuguang¹(), ZHANG Xingxing¹, WANG Chaochao¹, XIA Yunkang¹, WANG Yao¹, ZHOU Cheng¹, WU Yiling¹, WU Peng¹^,²^,³, XU Lezhong¹^,²^,³()

^1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
^2.National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Resource Utilization Technology of Municipal Sewage, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
^3.Jiangsu High Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China

Received:2021-04-22 Revised:2021-05-22 Online:2022-04-23 Published:2022-04-25
Contact: XU Lezhong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为经济高效地去除城市生活污水和硝酸盐废水中的氮磷元素，本研究在厌氧折流板反应器（ABR）和连续搅拌反应器（CSTR）一体式反应器中分别建立了反硝化除磷（DPR）和短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化（PDA）工艺。结果表明，反应器运行185天，在缺氧/厌氧和外加COD/NO $3 -$ -N比仅为0.7条件下，PO $4 3 -$ -P和TN的去除率高达96.91%和97.75%，最终出水PO $4 3 -$ -P和TN的浓度低至0.22mg/L和3.30mg/L，意味着该系统极佳的脱氮除磷效果不依赖氧气和有机碳源量。DPR对系统PO $4 3 -$ -P和TN的去除均占主体部分（99.07%和60.23%），而PDA对总氮（TN）的去除占比呈现逐渐上升的趋势（4.53%→37.52%）。批次实验表明：①COD（300mg/L）显著抑制DPR菌活性，PO $4 3 -$ -P主要是在缺氧状态下以NO $3 -$ -N为电子受体，有机物为电子供体通过DPR途径去除；②高效短程反硝化过程（亚硝酸转化率92.25%）稳定为厌氧氨氧化供给电子受体（NO $2 -$ -N），DPR系统剩余NH $4 +$ -N主要被NO $2 -$ -N氧化去除，因此DPR+PDA系统实现了高效同步脱氮除磷效果。高通量测序表明，Accumulibacter（7.41%）是DPR系统功能性除磷菌，Thauera（7.24%）和Candidatus Brocadia（3.12%）为PDA系统关键脱氮菌。

关键词: 反硝化除磷, 厌氧氨氧化, 短程反硝化, 脱氮除磷, 微生物群落

Abstract:

In order to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater and nitrate wastewater economically and efficiently, denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) and partial denitrification Anammox (PDA) processes were established in an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) and Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) integrated reactor, respectively. Results showed that the removal efficiencies of PO $4 3 -$ -P and TN were 96.91% and 97.75%, respectively, under the conditions of anoxic/anaerobic and external COD/NO₃^--N ratio of 0.7 after 185 days of operation. The final effluent PO $4 3 -$ -P and TN concentrations were as low as 0.22mg/L and 3.30mg/L, respectively, which indicated that the excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of the system independent of oxygen and organic carbon sources. The removal of PO $4 3 -$ -P and TN by DPR accounted for 99.07% and 60.23% of the total, respectively, while the proportion of TN removal by PDA increased gradually (4.53%→37.52%). Batch experiments showed that, ①high concentration of COD (300mg/L) significantly inhibited the activity of DPR bacteria, and PO $4 3 -$ -P was mainly removed by DPR with NO $3 -$ -N as electron acceptor and organic matter as electron donor under anoxic condition; ②the highly-efficient partial denitrification process (NTR 92.25%) supplied stable electron acceptor (NO $2 -$ -N) for anammox, andthe residual NH $4 +$ -N of DPR system was mainly eliminated by NO $2 -$ -N oxidation. Therefore, the DPR+PDA system had achieved the high-efficiency and synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect. High throughput sequencing showed that Accumulibacter (7.41%) was the functional phosphorus removal bacteria in DPR system, and Thauera (7.24%) and Candidatus Brocadia (3.12%) were the key nitrogen removal bacteria in PDA system.

Key words: denitrification and phosphorus removal(DPR), anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox), partial denitrification(PD), nitrogen and phosphorus removal, microbial community

中图分类号:

X703

汪宇光, 张星星, 王超超, 夏云康, 王垚, 周澄, 吴翼伶, 吴鹏, 徐乐中. 反硝化除磷+短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺的深度脱氮除磷效能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 2191-2201.

WANG Yuguang, ZHANG Xingxing, WANG Chaochao, XIA Yunkang, WANG Yao, ZHOU Cheng, WU Yiling, WU Peng, XU Lezhong. Achieving advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal based on denitrifying phosphorus removal and partial denitrification Anammox process[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(4): 2191-2201.

图/表 9

图1 ABR-CSTR组合装置示意图

表1 DPR+PDA工艺在不同阶段的工况调节

阶段	时间/d	NO $3 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	COD/mg·L^-1	外加COD/NO $3 -$ -N
Ⅰ-1	1～28	65	300	—
Ⅰ-2	30～59	140	200	—
Ⅱ-1	62～99	90	200	0.5
Ⅱ-2	102～135	90	200	0.9
Ⅲ	137～185	90	200	0.7

表1 DPR+PDA工艺在不同阶段的工况调节

阶段	时间/d	NO $3 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	COD/mg·L^-1	外加COD/NO $3 -$ -N
Ⅰ-1	1～28	65	300	—
Ⅰ-2	30～59	140	200	—
Ⅱ-1	62～99	90	200	0.5
Ⅱ-2	102～135	90	200	0.9
Ⅲ	137～185	90	200	0.7

表2 A、B、C批次试验初始COD和氮素的浓度

试验批次	NH $4 +$ -N/mg·L^-1	NO $2 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	NO $3 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	COD/mg·L^-1
A	35	—	35	105
B	35	35	—	—
C	—	—	35	105

表2 A、B、C批次试验初始COD和氮素的浓度

试验批次	NH $4 +$ -N/mg·L^-1	NO $2 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	NO $3 -$ -N/mg·L^-1	COD/mg·L^-1
A	35	—	35	105
B	35	35	—	—
C	—	—	35	105

图2 系统对不同营养物的去除效果

图3 在整个系统中DPR和PDA对不同营养物去除的贡献分析

图4 DPR批次试验效果分析

图5 A、B、C批次实验氮素转化情况

图6 DPR中微生物种群分类（门和属）的群落组成相对丰度比例

图7 PDA中微生物种群分类（门和属）的群落组成相对丰度比例

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反硝化除磷+短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺的深度脱氮除磷效能

Achieving advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal based on denitrifying phosphorus removal and partial denitrification Anammox process

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