规整化柔性厂区布局优化策略

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1695

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工业厂区布局优化可以有效提升生产效率并降低生产成本和风险，但现有优化方法往往导致厂区布局杂乱无章，难以在实际中操作和实施。针对这一问题，提出了一种规整化柔性厂区布局优化策略，结合柔性间隔结构和绕障管道路径约束方法。以改进的绕障最小生成树算法为基础，对传统管道布置路径进行优化，从而生成避开车间障碍的合理管道布局；同时，使用改进的柔性间隔结构进行建模，使车间布局更加灵活规整，在提升空间利用率的同时，保证厂区布局的简洁性和操作便捷性。此外，将管道、土地利用以及安全风险的经济影响纳入综合目标函数进行优化，确保布局方案的经济性、安全性和可实施性。实验结果表明，采用该方法的厂区布局在经济效益、安全性以及布局规整性方面均具有显著优势，为企业实现更高效的厂区管理和生产提供了优化参考，展现了较强的实用性和推广价值。

关键词: 工业设施布局, 优化设计, 遗传算法, 系统工程, 路径约束, 柔性间隔结构

Abstract:

The optimization of industrial plant layout can significantly enhance production efficiency while reducing both production costs and operational risks. However, existing optimization methods often result in complex and disorganized layouts that are difficult to implement in practice. To address this issue, a structured and flexible plant layout optimization strategy was proposed, incorporating a flexible bay structure and obstacle-avoiding pipeline routing constraints. The approach was based on an improved obstacle-avoiding minimum spanning tree algorithm, which optimized traditional pipeline layouts by generating efficient routes that avoided plant obstacles. Additionally, employing an improved flexible bay structure for modeling allowed for a more adaptable and orderly plant layout, simultaneously enhancing space utilization while ensuring the simplicity and operational ease of the plant arrangement. Furthermore, the economic impact of pipeline design, land use, and safety risks was integrated into the objective function to guarantee an economically viable, safe, and practical layout solution. Experimental results demonstrated that this method delivered plant layouts with significant advantages in terms of economic efficiency, safety, and structural orderliness. This approach offered an effective reference for enterprises aiming to achieve more efficient plant management and production, showcasing strong practicality and potential for wider application.

Key words: industrial facility layout, optimal design, genetic algorithm, systems engineering, path constraints, flexible bay structure

中图分类号:

TQ081

贾子葶, 崔子元, 王彧斐. 规整化柔性厂区布局优化策略[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(8): 4669-4679.

JIA Ziting, CUI Ziyuan, WANG Yufei. Optimization strategy for regularizing flexible plant layout[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(8): 4669-4679.

图/表 11

图1 本文提出的优化算法流程

图2 用染色体表示的7个车间的布局

图3 改进的柔性间隔结构的布局排布示意图

图4 轨迹图

表1 不同优化策略的消融实验结果

情形	路径约束	规整布局	总投资费用 $C t o t a l / U S D$	简单管道费用 $C s i m p l e / U S D$	管道网络费用 $C n e t w o r k / U S D$	土地费用 $C l a n d / U S D$	风险费用 $C r i s k / U S D$	计算时间/ $m i n$
情形1	×	×	34045420	7047590	3908967	8783550	14305313	66.56
情形2	√	×	32666783	6794053	2360396	9870165	13642169	80.62
情形3	×	√	35427043	4844867	2851141	6997250	20733784	20.48
情形4	√	√	33474805	4891019	1682574	5453286	21447925	55.72

表1 不同优化策略的消融实验结果

情形	路径约束	规整布局	总投资费用 $C t o t a l / U S D$	简单管道费用 $C s i m p l e / U S D$	管道网络费用 $C n e t w o r k / U S D$	土地费用 $C l a n d / U S D$	风险费用 $C r i s k / U S D$	计算时间/ $m i n$
情形1	×	×	34045420	7047590	3908967	8783550	14305313	66.56
情形2	√	×	32666783	6794053	2360396	9870165	13642169	80.62
情形3	×	√	35427043	4844867	2851141	6997250	20733784	20.48
情形4	√	√	33474805	4891019	1682574	5453286	21447925	55.72

图5 情形1的车间布局和管道网络布置[15]

图6 情形2的车间布局和管道网络布置

图7 情形3的车间布局和管道网络布置

图8 情形4的车间布局和管道网络布置图

图9 情形1的各损失区域

图10 情形4的各个损失区域

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