不同含水率下的生活垃圾气化特性模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1485

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 4900-4908.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1485

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇

不同含水率下的生活垃圾气化特性模拟

陈巨辉¹(), 王振名¹, 李丹¹, 王柏森², ZHURAVKOV Michael³^,⁴, SIARHEI Lapatsin³^,⁴, 于广滨⁴

^1.哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150080
^2.北京清新环境技术股份有限公司，北京 100142
^3.海空装备齿轮传动国际合作黑龙江省重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
^4.哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001

收稿日期:2023-08-25 修回日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-30
通讯作者: 陈巨辉
作者简介:陈巨辉（1982—），女，博士，教授，研究方向为热力学、传热与流动。E-mail：chenjuhui@hrbust.edu.cn。
基金资助:
黑龙江省重点研发项目(GA21A301);黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(2023ZXJ04A02);黑龙江省自然基金研究团队项目(TD2023E002)

Simulation of gasification characteristics from municipal solid waste under different moisture content

CHEN Juhui¹(), WANG Zhenming¹, LI Dan¹, WANG Bosen², ZHURAVKOV Michael³^,⁴, SIARHEI Lapatsin³^,⁴, YU Guangbin⁴

^1.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
^2.Beijing SPC Environment Protection Tech Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100142, China
^3.Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for International Cooperation on Gear Transmission of Maritime and Air Equipment, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
^4.School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2023-08-25 Revised:2024-01-25 Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-09-30
Contact: CHEN Juhui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国不同地区的垃圾含水率有很大差异，为了探究垃圾含水率对气化特性的影响，更进一步地实现生活垃圾资源化利用，本文基于Aspen Plus建立了垃圾气化的工艺流程模型，分析了不同含水率下的温度对气化合成气组分、碳转化率（CCE）、低位热值（LHV）、气体产率的影响，气化温度提高促进CCE、LHV先降低后升高。结果表明升温和增加含水率可提高CCE、降低LHV，温度小于650℃时，增加含水率可促进气体产率，温度大于650℃时，增加含水率会降低气体产率；通过诸多气化指标得出垃圾含水率为25%、气化温度为850℃时为最优工况，在此基础上，40.63%的产气燃烧比例放热可以为干燥、热解、气化阶段提供热量，实现系统的热量自给。当气化温度和产气燃烧比例不变时，随着垃圾含水率的提高，气化系统对外界放出的热量先增加后减小。

关键词: 气化模拟, 含水率, 热平衡, Aspen Plus, 生活垃圾

Abstract:

The moisture content of garbage in different regions of China is very different. This study explored the influence of moisture content on gasification characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW), aiming to further realize its resource utilization. Based on Aspen Plus, a process model of waste gasification was established, and the effects of temperature on the composition of gasification synthesis gas, carbon conversion (CCE), low calorific value (LHV), and gas yield under different moisture content were analyzed. Results showed that the increase of gasification temperature promoted the first decrease and then increase of both CCE and LHV. Raised temperature and increased moisture content was observed to promote CCE while reducing LHV. Below 650℃, the increase of moisture content would promote the gas yield. However, above 650℃, it showed the opposite effect. A comprehensive analysis of gasification indexes revealed that the optimal condition was obtained with a moisture content of 25% and a gasification temperature of 850℃. On this basis, 40.63% combustion of gas production could provide heat for drying, pyrolysis and gasification stages to achieve heat self-sufficiency of the system. Moreover, when the gasification temperature and combustion ratio of gas production remained unchanged, the heat released by the gasification system increased firstly and then decreased as the waste moisture content rose.

Key words: gasification simulation, moisture content, heat balance, Aspen Plus, municipal solid waste

中图分类号:

X705

陈巨辉, 王振名, 李丹, 王柏森, ZHURAVKOV Michael, SIARHEI Lapatsin, 于广滨. 不同含水率下的生活垃圾气化特性模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(9): 4900-4908.

CHEN Juhui, WANG Zhenming, LI Dan, WANG Bosen, ZHURAVKOV Michael, SIARHEI Lapatsin, YU Guangbin. Simulation of gasification characteristics from municipal solid waste under different moisture content[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(9): 4900-4908.

图/表 11

表1 垃圾的工业分析和元素分析

工业分析/%					元素分析/%							Q_MSW
M_ar	FC_d	VM_d	ASH_d		C_d	H_d	N_d	CL_d	S_d	O_d		/kJ·kg^-1
47.28	9.28	54.20	36.52		35.05	4.11	2.14	0.55	0.23	21.40		12056

图1 MSW热解气化系统模型1—干燥后的垃圾、水蒸气、气化产气燃烧后的气体；2—垃圾热解后的产物；3—热解重组后的产物；4—热解重组后和气化剂气化反应后的产物

表2 松木屑和煤粉的工业分析和元素分析

固废种类	工业分析/%				元素分析/%
固废种类	M_ar	FC_d	VM_d	ASH_d	C_d	H_d	N_d	S_d	O_d
松木屑	8	17.16	82.29	0.05	50.54	7.08	0.15	0.57	41.11
煤粉	6.5	71.07	5.01	23.92	70.54	1.44	0.74	1.17	2.19

图2 工况一的实验值和模拟值对比

图3 工况二的实验值和模拟值对比

图4 实验值和模拟值的产气热值对比

图5 不同含水率和气化温度对气体组分的影响

图6 不同含水率和气化温度对CCE的影响

图7 不同含水率和气化温度对LHV的影响

图8 含水率和气化温度对气体产率的影响

图9 产气燃烧比例、温度、含水率对系统向外界输出热量的影响及系统热量自给时含水率和温度的关系（1cal=4.184J)

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不同含水率下的生活垃圾气化特性模拟

Simulation of gasification characteristics from municipal solid waste under different moisture content

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