离子液体强化一氧化碳转化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1172

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 124-134.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1172

• 专栏：化工过程强化 • 上一篇

离子液体强化一氧化碳转化

陈瑶姬¹(), 任成瑜², 胡达清¹, 卢晗锋², 葛春亮¹, 崔国凯²()

^1.浙江天地环保科技股份有限公司，浙江杭州 310012
^2.浙江工业大学，绿色化学合成技术国家重点实验室培育基地，化学工程学院，催化反应工程研究所，大气污染催化控制创新团队，浙江杭州 310014

收稿日期:2023-07-11 修回日期:2023-09-18 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-02-05
通讯作者: 崔国凯
作者简介:陈瑶姬（1984—），女，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为化工过程强化。E-mail：178540408@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22378353);浙江省自然科学基金(LZ21E080001);浙江省重点研发项目(2024C03108);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3702003);浙江天地环保科技有限公司“绿色低能耗二氧化碳捕集离子液体吸收剂的开发”技术项目(TD-KJ-22-007-W001)

Carbon monoxide conversion via ionic liquids intensification

CHEN Yaoji¹(), REN Chengyu², HU Daqing¹, LU Hanfeng², GE Chunliang¹, CUI Guokai²()

^1.Zhejiang Tiandi Environmental Protection Technology Co. , Ltd. , Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
^2.State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Innovation Team of Air Pollution Control, Institute of Catalytic Reaction Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

Received:2023-07-11 Revised:2023-09-18 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-02-05
Contact: CUI Guokai

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

一氧化碳（CO）作为一种有害气体，同时是一种宝贵的C₁资源。因此，CO的捕集转化是一个重要的化工过程。离子液体因其独特性质已被广泛应用于气体捕集及转化领域。其一，离子液体作为反应介质，促进一氧化碳（CO）转化。其二，具有功能位点的离子液体基吸收剂可以提高CO捕集容量，促进CO转化。其三，离子液体作为催化剂或助催化剂，促进CO转化。本文从离子液体在CO转化中的3种用途（反应介质、吸收剂、催化剂/助催化剂）出发并对适宜的转化反应进行规律性分类总结，综述了离子液体、离子液体基混合溶剂、离子液体基杂化材料强化CO转化的研究进展。离子液体强化的CO转化反应包括酰化、酯化、开环加成、烯烃加成、聚合等。系统地总结了应用于CO转化的离子液体的结构，分析了离子液体基混合溶剂和离子液体基杂化材料在CO转化中的作用机理、影响因素等，最后提出离子液体强化CO转化存在的问题及未来趋势。

关键词: 离子液体, 一氧化碳, 化学反应, 活性, 羰基化, 强化

Abstract:

Carbon monoxide (CO) is not only harmful to human health but also detrimental to catalysts in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells as an impurity gas in H₂, which is generated simultaneously by steam reforming of natural gas/coal gasification. On the other hand, pure CO is a resource and can be transferred to value-added chemicals. Therefore, CO capture and conversion is an important and sustainable process. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used in the field of gas capture and conversion due to their unique properties, including low vapor pressure, high thermal and chemical stability, high solubility, and tunable structure and properties. Firstly, ILs serve as good reaction media to promote the complete reaction of CO reaction systems. Secondly, ILs, especially functional IL-based green solvents, serve as efficient absorbents to promote the conversion of CO. Thirdly, functional ILs serve as catalysts for catalytic conversion of CO. Therefore, the research progress of ILs, IL-based mixed solvents and IL-based hybrid materials to enhance CO conversion in recent years was reviewed from the aspects of IL-based reaction media, absorbents and catalysts. IL-enhanced CO conversion reactions include acylation, esterification, cycloaddition, olefin addition, polymerization, etc. The structure of ILs was systematically summarized, and the mechanism and influencing factors in CO conversion were analyzed. Finally, the problems and future trends in the CO conversion via ILs intensification were proposed.

Key words: ionic liquids, carbon monoxide, chemical reaction, reactivity, carbonylation, intensification

中图分类号:

TQ203.2

陈瑶姬, 任成瑜, 胡达清, 卢晗锋, 葛春亮, 崔国凯. 离子液体强化一氧化碳转化[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(1): 124-134.

CHEN Yaoji, REN Chengyu, HU Daqing, LU Hanfeng, GE Chunliang, CUI Guokai. Carbon monoxide conversion via ionic liquids intensification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(1): 124-134.

图/表 13

图1 离子液体强化CO转化及其转化产物

图2 离子液体的阴阳离子结构

图3 钯催化卤代苯、醇、CO在离子液体介质中高效转化[37]

图4 硝基苯、苯胺[30]或醇[46]、CO在离子液体介质中高效转化

图5 CO、苯胺、空气（氧气）在离子液体介质中的羰基化反应[47]

图6 苯乙烯与CO在离子液体介质中共聚合成聚酮[48]

图7 离子液体介质中烯烃类化合物与甲醇[52]、乙醇[53]、水[54]、氢气[58]进行加氢酯化/羧化/甲酰化反应

图8 碘苯、醇[31]或胺[59]、CO在功能化离子液体吸收剂中高效催化转化反应

图9 离子液体催化转化环氧化合物羰基化反应

图10 离子液体催化转化环氧化合物羰基化反应[32]

图11 含金属和离子液体催化体系催化烯烃、醇/氢、CO加氢酯化/甲酰化反应

图12 离子液体催化炔烃、仲胺[66]/伯胺[67]、CO的氧化羰基化反应

图13 离子液体催化甲醇氧化羰基化合成DMC[68]

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离子液体强化一氧化碳转化

Carbon monoxide conversion via ionic liquids intensification

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