利用添加剂调控铂晶面结构提高氧还原催化性能的研究现状

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2576

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (S1): 204-214.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2576

利用添加剂调控铂晶面结构提高氧还原催化性能的研究现状

董柯静¹^,²(), 夏广辉¹^,², 杨玺¹^,³(), 赵煜³

^1.昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院, 云南昆明 650032
^2.锂离子电池材料及制备技术国家地方联合实验室，云南昆明 650032
^3.云南省能源研究院，云南昆明 650500

收稿日期:2020-12-28 修回日期:2021-02-23 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-11-09
通讯作者: 杨玺
作者简介:董柯静（1991—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为质子交换膜燃料电池催化剂。E-mail：504432840@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51764030);云南省自然科学基金重点项目(202001AS070010);云南省中青年学术技术带头人后备人才培养项目(202005AC160042)

Research status of platinum-based catalysts with high index crystal plane regulated by additives for oxygen reduction reaction

DONG Kejing¹^,²(), XIA Guanghui¹^,², YANG Xi¹^,³(), ZHAO Yu³

^1.School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032，Yunnan, China
^2.State and Local Joint Laboratory of Materials and Preparation Technology for Lithium Ion Batteries, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
^3.Energy Research Institute of Yunnan Province，Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China

Received:2020-12-28 Revised:2021-02-23 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-11-09
Contact: YANG Xi

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的转换效率主要受阴极氧还原反应（ORR）动力学缓慢的限制，设计高效稳定的低铂催化剂，对于降低PEMFC产业化应用的成本和提高催化性能至关重要。目前，研究人员已对此开展广泛研究，并取得了丰硕成果，开发包括具有可调晶面、高指数晶面、Pt-M（M为过渡金属）合金的Pt纳米结构。本文从利用不同添加剂调控Pt基催化剂晶面结构和形貌以促进氧还原电催化性能的角度着手，综述了保护剂、络合剂、封端剂、还原剂、分散剂等常用添加剂对Pt基催化剂正四面体、立方体、八面体以及具有高指数晶面的凹纳米立方体等晶面结构进行调控的研究进展，在湿化学法、电沉积法、合金法、溶剂热法等不同研究方法中添加剂在调控晶面结构和提高催化性能方面发挥的作用，并对Pt基催化剂中Pt晶面调控在未来面临的挑战和发展方向做了简要总结。

关键词: 燃料电池, 纳米材料, 催化剂, 再生能源, 表面活性剂, 纳米结构

Abstract:

Based on the conversion efficiency of PEMFC is mainly limited by the slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode. The design of an efficient and stable low-platinum (Pt) catalyst will not only reduce the cost of the industrial application of PEMFC, but also can improve the performance of the catalyst. Currently, researchers have conducted a lot of research in this area, including the development of Pt nanostructures with adjustable crystal plane, high-index crystal plane and Pt-M (M is a transition metal) alloy. In this paper, the effects of different additives on the morphology of the synthesized ORR Pt-based catalysts were reviewed. The additives involved include protective agent, complexing agent, capping agent, reducing agent, dispersant, etc. Typically, the synthesis of Pt with regular tetrahedron, cube, octahedron and concave nano cube with high index plane by means of wet chemical method, electrodeposition method, alloy method and solvothermal method is presented specially.In addition, the future challenges and development direction of crystal surface control of Pt-based catalysts are summarized.

Key words: fuel cells, nanomaterials, catalyst, renewable energy, surfactants, nano-structure

中图分类号:

O643.36

董柯静, 夏广辉, 杨玺, 赵煜. 利用添加剂调控铂晶面结构提高氧还原催化性能的研究现状[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S1): 204-214.

DONG Kejing, XIA Guanghui, YANG Xi, ZHAO Yu. Research status of platinum-based catalysts with high index crystal plane regulated by additives for oxygen reduction reaction[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S1): 204-214.

图/表 6

图1 PEMFCs的工作原理

图2 ORR反应机理及在ORR反应中金属的特性

图3 高指数晶面排列关系及其在ORR反应中的性能对比

图4 Pt-M催化剂形貌图

图5 Pt纳米立方体HRTEM图[26]（插图为局部放大图）

图6 Pt-M合金催化剂性能对比

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利用添加剂调控铂晶面结构提高氧还原催化性能的研究现状

Research status of platinum-based catalysts with high index crystal plane regulated by additives for oxygen reduction reaction

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