化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 3151-3162.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1322

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物质微波热解制备液体燃料和化学品的研究进展

曾媛1,2(), 王允圃1,2(), 张淑梅1,2, 夏美玲1,2, 吴秋浩1,2, 刘玉环1,2, RUAN Roger3   

  1. 1.南昌大学生物质转化教育部工程研究中心,江西 南昌 330047
    2.南昌大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江西 南昌 330047
    3.美国明尼苏达大学生物产品与生物系统工程系,美国 明尼苏达
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-13 修回日期:2020-11-04 出版日期:2021-06-06 发布日期:2021-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 王允圃
  • 作者简介:曾媛(1995—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物质催化共热解。E-mail:1825314611@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21766019);中央引导地方科技发展专项(20202ZDB01012);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划(20204BCJ23011);江西省重点研发项目(20171BB60023)

Research progress in preparation of liquid fuels and chemicals by microwave pyrolysis of biomass

ZENG Yuan1,2(), WANG Yunpu1,2(), ZHANG Shumei1,2, XIA Meiling1,2, WU Qiuhao1,2, LIU Yuhuan1,2, RUAN Roger3   

  1. 1.Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
    3.Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
  • Received:2020-07-13 Revised:2020-11-04 Online:2021-06-06 Published:2021-06-22
  • Contact: WANG Yunpu

摘要:

微波热解是一种高效的生物质转化利用技术,具有独特的热效应和非热效应,可将生物质转化为液体燃料和化学品,能有效缓解能源压力,减少环境污染。本文着重探讨了生物质原料特性、微波吸收剂、催化剂对生物质微波热解制备高品质液体燃料和化学品的影响。原料特性的影响主要从生物质的水分含量、灰分含量和有效氢碳比三方面展开论述,催化剂包括金属盐、金属氧化物、ZSM-5、微波驱动型催化剂以及其他一些催化剂,如HY、MCM-41和碳基催化剂等。简述了生物质的微波热解特性、液体燃料的组成以及转化机理,并对现存的热解机理复杂、产物复杂不稳定、目标产物选择性差、催化剂易结焦失活、重复性差等问题进行了分析,展望了未来的发展方向,以期为生物质的高效转化利用提供依据。

关键词: 生物质, 微波热解, 原料特性, 微波吸收剂, 催化剂

Abstract:

Microwave pyrolysis is an efficient technology for biomass conversion and utilization, which has unique thermal and non-thermal effects and can transform biomass into liquid fuels and chemicals, effectively relieving energy pressure and reducing environmental pollution. This paper focused on the influence of biomass feedstock characteristics, microwave absorbers and catalysts on the preparation of high-quality liquid fuels and chemicals by microwave pyrolysis of biomass. The influence of raw material characteristics was discussed from three aspects: water content, ash content and H/Ceff of biomass and catalysts included metal salts, metal oxides, ZSM-5, microwave-driven catalysts and other catalysts, such as HY, MCM-41 and carbon-based catalysts. The pyrolysis characteristics, product composition and transformation mechanism of biomass were summarized. In addition, the existing problems such as complex pyrolysis mechanism, complex and unstable products, poor selectivity of target products, as well as easy coking, inactivation and poor repeatability of catalysts were analyzed, and the future development direction was prospected, so as to provide the basis for efficient conversion and utilization of biomass.

Key words: biomass, microwave pyrolysis, raw material characteristics, microwave absorber, catalyst

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