中温铯热管的启动及传热性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2293

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 5981-5987.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2293

中温铯热管的启动及传热性能

郭宇翔¹(), 陈宏霞¹(), 袁达忠²^,³(), 李林涵¹, 王逸然¹, 纪阳²^,³

^1.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院，北京 102206
^2.中国科学院工程热物理研究所，北京 100190
^3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-11-13 修回日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2021-11-05 发布日期:2021-11-19
通讯作者: 陈宏霞,袁达忠
作者简介:郭宇翔（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为中高温热管技术。E-mail：120202202221@ncepu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52176152);2019年度预研教育部联合基金青年人才基金(6141A02033526)

Startup and heat transfer performance of medium temperature cesium heat pipe

GUO Yuxiang¹(), CHEN Hongxia¹(), YUAN Dazhong²^,³(), LI Linhan¹, WANG Yiran¹, JI Yang²^,³

^1.Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering Department, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
^2.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-11-13 Revised:2021-01-21 Online:2021-11-05 Published:2021-11-19
Contact: CHEN Hongxia,YUAN Dazhong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于铯化学性质活泼、易发生爆炸且价格昂贵，目前对中温铯热管的研究少见报道，而以高温钠、钾及钠钾合金热管的研究为主。鉴于中温热管应用及系统学术研究的需求，本文制备了铯热管，采用高频加热器调控其热流密度、数据采集系统监测管壁沿程的温度变化，对其启动性能及传热性能展开研究。实验结果表明，铯热管的启动演变规律与钠热管类似，利用Kn=0.01计算其转折温度更为准确。当热流密度q=18.04W/cm²时，通过热管沿程温度分布可知热管实现了声速极限下的启动，绝热段温度与蒸发段温度相差30.00℃。热流密度q=69.10W/cm²时，工作温度可达600.00℃，蒸发段与绝热段最大温差小于7.00℃，且有效长度为100％，表现出优异的换热性能和均温性。

关键词: 铯热管, 传热, 两相流, 启动性能, 均温性

Abstract:

Due to active chemical properties and a high price of cesium, few studies on medium temperature cesium heat pipe were reported, while most researches were focus on sodium, potassium and Na-K alloy heat pipes. To meet the demands of applications at medium temperature and a systematic academic research, a medium temperature cesium heat pipe was fabricated and experimentally tested in this paper. Heat fluxes were modulated by a high frequency heater and the temperature revolutions of heat pipe wall along the pipe length were monitored by a data acquisition system. The results showed that the start-up performance of the cesium heat pipe was similar to that of a sodium heat pipe, and the transition temperature of a cesium heat pipe could be accurately calculated with Kn=0.01. When heat flux q was 18.04W/cm², the temperature distribution along the heat pipe indicated that the cesium heat pipe entered the start-up state with a sonic limit, and a temperature difference between adiabatic and evaporation sections reached 30.00℃. Increasing heating flux to 69.10W/cm², the working temperature of heat pipe could reach 600.00℃ with the maximum temperature difference between the evaporation section and the adiabatic section less than 7.00℃. Furthermore, the effective length of this cesium heat pipe was 100% which showed an excellent heat transfer performance and temperature uniformity.

Key words: cesium heat pipe, heat transfer, two phase flow, startup performance, temperature uniformity

中图分类号:

TK172.4

郭宇翔, 陈宏霞, 袁达忠, 李林涵, 王逸然, 纪阳. 中温铯热管的启动及传热性能[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(11): 5981-5987.

GUO Yuxiang, CHEN Hongxia, YUAN Dazhong, LI Linhan, WANG Yiran, JI Yang. Startup and heat transfer performance of medium temperature cesium heat pipe[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(11): 5981-5987.

图/表 8

图1 高温热管结构尺寸及测试方法示意图（单位：mm）

图2 高频电磁感应加热器加热系统

表1 通过传热模型不同高频加热器读数计算得到的轴向热流密度

高频加热器读数	轴向热流密度/W·cm^-2
170	0.68
185	18.04
213	44.55
240	59.92
255	64.25
265	66.78
280	69.10
291	67.37

图3 热管启动曲线

图4 轴向温度演变规律

图5 相同加热功率、不同环境下铯热管的启动温度（q=18.04W/cm2）

图6 加热功率对热管稳定温度的影响

图7 散热情况下热管各位置温度及蒸发段热阻随加热功率的变化规律

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中温铯热管的启动及传热性能

Startup and heat transfer performance of medium temperature cesium heat pipe

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