二氧化碳羧基化利用探讨

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1108

化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (01): 229-243.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1108

二氧化碳羧基化利用探讨

张志智^1,³(),周明东²,孙京²,方向晨^1,³()

1. 华东理工大学反应工程（联合）国家重点实验室，上海 200237
2. 辽宁石油化工大学化学与材料科学学院，辽宁抚顺 113001
3. 中国石化大连石油化工研究院，辽宁大连 116045

收稿日期:2018-05-29 修回日期:2018-07-07 出版日期:2019-01-05 发布日期:2019-01-05
通讯作者: 方向晨
作者简介:张志智（1978—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为碳一化学。E-mail：<email>zhangzhizhi.fshy@sinopec.com</email>。|方向晨，教授级高级工程师，博士生导师，中国石化大连石油化工研究院院长，研究方向为石油炼制。E-mail：<email>fxc@ecust.edu.cn</email>。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(1571665125);中国石化基础研究计划(061301);国家自然科学基金（1571665125）；中国石化基础研究计划（061301）。

Carboxylative utilization of carbon dioxide

Zhizhi ZHANG^1,³(),Mingdong ZHOU²,Jing SUN²,Xiangchen FANG^1,³()

1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
2. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
3. SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, Dalian 116045, Liaoning, China

Received:2018-05-29 Revised:2018-07-07 Online:2019-01-05 Published:2019-01-05
Contact: Xiangchen FANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

二氧化碳是一种低毒、不易燃、储量丰富且廉价易得的碳一资源，如何有效利用二氧化碳，将二氧化碳转化为高附加值化工品已成为当今研究热点。从能量利用及经济性角度考虑，将二氧化碳作为羧化试剂与具有高能量的起始原料反应，合成具有较高应用价值的羧酸（酯）或碳酸酯类衍生物是二氧化碳规模化利用的重要途径，目前受到了广泛关注。本文综述了近年来二氧化碳羧基化反应的研究进展，从反应的热力学、反应机理以及催化剂和反应工艺的改进等多个方面探讨了通过二氧化碳羧基化反应制备精细化工品的可行性及应用前景。并对该领域研究所存在的问题和局限性进行了总结。最后对今后的发展方向作了展望，指出二氧化碳化学工业的建立还需依赖基础研究的突破，需要开发高性能、廉价、适用范围广的过渡金属催化剂，实现二氧化碳的有效活化和利用。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 羧基化, 羧酸, 酯

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide is a kind of low toxic, non flammable, cheap and abundant C1 resource. The effective conversion of carbon dioxide to high value-added chemicals has become an attractive research topic. From the point of view of energy utilization and economy, the utilization of carbon dioxide as carboxylation reagent together with energetic materials to synthesize carboxylic acids or esters is an important way and has been attracted much attention. In this paper, the recent progress on the carboxylation of carbon dioxide is reviewed, and the feasibility and application prospect of the carboxylation route are discussed from the respect of reaction thermodynamics, mechanism and the improvements of catalyst and reaction process. And the problems and limitations of this research field are summarized. In the end, the future development direction is prospected. Establishment of CO₂ chemical industry relies on the breakthrough of fundamental research. Highly active and cheap transition metal catalysts with wide application are urgently needed, in order to activate and utilize CO₂.

Key words: carbon dioxide, carboxylation, carboxylic acid, ester

中图分类号:

张志智, 周明东, 孙京, 方向晨. 二氧化碳羧基化利用探讨[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(01): 229-243.

Zhizhi ZHANG, Mingdong ZHOU, Jing SUN, Xiangchen FANG. Carboxylative utilization of carbon dioxide[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(01): 229-243.

图/表 15

图1 二氧化碳的转化

图2 二氧化碳转为不同化学品的能级图

图3 二氧化碳主要的羧基化反应类型

图4 金属卤化物催化的CO2与环氧化物环加成反应

图5 CO2与环氧化物羧化制备脂肪族聚碳酸酯

图6 镍催化乙烯与CO2反应可能的机理

图7 镍催化炔烃与CO2反应可能的反应机理

图8 银催化端炔与CO2羧化偶联反应可能的机理

图9 炔烃与CO2羧化反应的DFT计算

图10 CO2与端炔羧化偶联合成炔酸

图11 CO2与端炔、卤代烃三组分羧化偶联合成炔酸酯

图12 本文作者课题组开展的CO2羧化偶联工作

图13 以CO2为原料的DMC不同合成路线

图14 ZrO2催化合成DMC可能的机理

图15 碳酸二苄酯的制备

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二氧化碳羧基化利用探讨

Carboxylative utilization of carbon dioxide

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