中温和高温厌氧消化的比较

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0599

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 厌氧消化目前已广泛应用于市政污泥、有机废水、城市有机垃圾、养殖粪便等有机废弃物的资源化处理，由于其具有在实现有机废弃物处理的同时产生甲烷燃料，剩余物还可以作为肥料使用的优点，全球各地已建立了许多大规模的厌氧消化工厂。温度是影响厌氧消化的重要因素，中温和高温厌氧消化是目前常采用的两种工艺，二者各有优劣，但是我国存在对高温厌氧消化的重视程度远远不及中温厌氧消化的问题。因此，本文首先对中温和高温厌氧消化及比较两种工艺的中英文文献进行了统计分析，然后重点从运行参数、有机物降解率、系统稳定性、产沼气性能、消化污泥特性（包括脱水性能、起泡潜力和病原菌含量）和微生物特性等运行性能、厌氧消化模型、经济效益和应用现状等方面对中温和高温厌氧消化进行了详细的比较，并对厌氧消化的应用和发展提出了建议。

关键词: 中温厌氧消化, 高温厌氧消化, 废物处理, 再生能源, 运行性能

Abstract: Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely applied to recycle organic wastes such as sewage sludge, organic wastewater, municipal organic waste and livestock manure. Because it can produce methane and fertilizer while treating organic waste, many large-scale AD plants have been established around the world. Temperature is an important factor affecting AD, and mesophilic AD and thermophilic AD are two commonly used technologies. Although the two ADs have their own advantages and disadvantages, thermophilic AD has been attached far less importance than mesophilic AD in China. Firstly, this paper made a bibliometric analysis on Chinese and English papers about the two ADs and their comparisons. Then, a detailed comparison of the two ADs was made based on their AD models, economic efficiencies, application status, and operating performances, such as operating parameters, organic matter degradation, system stability, biogas performance, digestate properties (sludge dewatering ability, foaming potential and pathogen content) and microbial characteristics. Additionally, the suggestions for the application and development of the two ADs have been put forward.

Key words: mesophilic anaerobic digestion, thermophilic anaerobic digestion, waste management, renewable energy, performance

中图分类号:

X705

张文哲, 陈静, 刘玉, 肖本益. 中温和高温厌氧消化的比较[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(12): 4853-4861.

ZHANG Wenzhe, CHEN Jing, LIU Yu, XIAO Benyi. Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(12): 4853-4861.

参考文献

[1] MAGRÍ A, GIOVANNINI F, CONNAN R, et al. Nutrient management from biogas digester effluents:a bibliometric-based analysis of publications and patents[J]. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2017, 14(8):1739-1756.
[2] KARDOS L, JUHÁSZ Á, PALKÓ G, et al. Comparing of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic fermented sewage sludge based on chemical and biochemical tests[J]. Applied Ecology & Environmental Resesarch, 2011, 9(3):293-302.
[3] BAYR S, RANTANEN M, KAPARAJU P, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of rendering plant and slaughterhouse wastes[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 104(1):28-36.
[4] 杨樱, 葛晶晶, 刘凯荣. 中国沼气工程技术研究[J]. 现代农业科学, 2009(3):217-219. YANG Y, GE J J, LIU K R. Study on biogas engineering technology in China[J]. Modern Agricultural Sciences, 2009(3):217-219.
[5] NGUYEN D D, CHANG S W, CHA J H, et al. Dry semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of food waste in the mesophilic and thermophilic modes:new aspects of sustainable management and energy recovery in South Korea[J]. Energy Conversion & Management, 2017, 135:445-452.
[6] NGES I A, JING L. Effects of solid retention time on anaerobic digestion of dewatered-sewage sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions[J]. Renewable Energy, 2010, 35(10):2200-2206.
[7] MOSET V, POULSEN M, WAHID R, et al. Mesophilic versus thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure:methane productivity and microbial ecology[J]. Microbial Biotechnology, 2015, 8(5):787.
[8] ALMEIDA S D. Comparison of the anaerobic digestion at the mesophilic and thermophilic temperature regime of organic wastes from the agribusiness[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 241:985.
[9] IRANPOUR R, OH S, COX H H, et al. Changing mesophilic wastewater sludge digestion into thermophilic operation at Terminal Island Treatment Plant[J]. Water Environment Research, 2002, 74(5):494-507.
[10] BOUALLAGUI H, RACHDI B, GANNOUN H, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of abattoir wastewater and fruit and vegetable waste in anaerobic sequencing batch reactors[J]. Biodegradation, 2009, 20(3):401.
[11] GE H, JENSEN P D, BATSTONE D J. Relative kinetics of anaerobic digestion under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions[J]. Water Science & Technology A:Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2011, 64(4):848-853.
[12] VRIEZE J D, SMET D, KLOK J, et al. Thermophilic sludge digestion improves energy balance and nutrient recovery potential in full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016, 218:1237-1245.
[13] ZHEN G, LU X, LI Y Y, et al. Combined electrical-alkali pretreatment to increase the anaerobic hydrolysis rate of waste activated sludge during anaerobic digestion[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 128(3):93-102.
[14] DE VRIEZE J, DE LATHOUWER L, VERSTRAETE W, et al. High-rate iron-rich activated sludge as stabilizing agent for the anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47(11):3732.
[15] MOTTET A, FRANÇOIS E, LATRILLE E, et al. Estimating anaerobic biodegradability indicators for waste activated sludge[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 160(2):488-496.
[16] 李国德, 李娜. 污水处理厂剩余污泥中高温厌氧消化对比试验[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报, 2011, 30(3):412-415. LI G D, LI N. Contrast experimental studies on mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of residual activated sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University, 2011, 30(3):412-415.
[17] MACKIE R I, BRYANT M P. Anaerobic digestion of cattle waste at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 1995, 43(2):346-350.
[18] NIU Q, TAKEMURA Y, KUBOTA K, et al. Comparing mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of chicken manure:microbial community dynamics and process resilience[J]. Waste Management, 2015, 43:114-122.
[19] SUHARTINI S, HEAVEN S, BANKS C J. Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sugar beet pulp:performance, dewaterability and foam control[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 152(1):202-211.
[20] JEONG J Y, SON S M, PYON J H, et al. Performance comparison between mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic reactors for treatment of palm oil mill effluent[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 165(8):122.
[21] KIM M, AHN Y H, SPEECE R E. Comparative process stability and efficiency of anaerobic digestion; mesophilic vs. thermophilic[J]. Water Research, 2002, 36(17):4369.
[22] KABOURIS J C, TEZEL U, PAVLOSTATHIS S G, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge and fat, oil, and grease[J]. Water Environment Research a:Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation, 2009, 81(5):476-485.
[23] CAVINATO C, BOLZONELLA D, PAVAN P, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and source sorted biowaste in pilot-and full-scale reactors[J]. Renewable Energy, 2013, 55(4):260-265.
[24] CHAE K J, AM J, YIM S K, et al. The effects of digestion temperature and temperature shock on the biogas yields from the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of swine manure[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(1):1.
[25] LABATUT R A, ANGENENT L T, SCOTT N R. Conventional mesophilic vs. thermophilic anaerobic digestion:a trade-off between performance and stability[J]. Water Research, 2014, 53(8):249.
[26] 郭香麟, 左剑恶, 史绪川, 等. 餐厨垃圾与秸秆混合中温和高温厌氧消化对比[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(7):3070-3077. GUO X L, ZUO J E, SHI X C, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and straw[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(7):3070-3077.
[27] KIM M S, KIM D H, YUN Y M. Effect of operation temperature on anaerobic digestion of food waste:performance and microbial analysis[J]. Fuel, 2017,209:598-605.
[28] FOUNTOULAKIS M S, DRAKOPOULOU S, TERZAKIS S, et al. Potential for methane production from typical Mediterranean agro-industrial by-products[J]. Biomass & Bioenergy, 2008, 32(2):155-161.
[29] AMANI T, NOSRATI M, SREEKRISHNAN T R. Anaerobic digestion from the viewpoint of microbiological, chemical, and operational aspects——a review[J]. Environmental Reviews, 2010, 18(1):255-278.
[30] RIGGIO S, HERNANDÉZSHEK M A, TORRIJOS M, et al. Comparison of the mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of spent cow bedding in leach-bed reactors[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 234:466.
[31] CHEN Y, CHENG J J, CREAMER K S. Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process:a review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(10):4044-4064.
[32] HIDAKA T, WANG F, TOGARI T, et al. Comparative performance of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion for high-solid sewage sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 149(12):177-183.
[33] GARCIA M L, ANGENENT L T. Interaction between temperature and ammonia in mesophilic digesters for animal waste treatment[J]. Water Research, 2009, 43(9):2373-2382.
[34] MA D L R, RIAU V, RAPOSO F, et al. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge:focus on the influence of the start-up. A review[J]. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 2013, 33(4):448.
[35] MICOLUCCI F, GOTTARDO M, CAVINATO C, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of the liquid fraction of pressed biowaste for high energy yields recovery[J]. Waste Management, 2015, 48:227-235.
[36] BÖSKE J, WIRTH B, GARLIPP F, et al. Upflow anaerobic solid-state (UASS) digestion of horse manure:thermophilic vs. mesophilic performance[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015, 175:8.
[37] KIM J K, OH B R, CHUN Y N, et al. Effects of temperature and hydraulic retention time on anaerobic digestion of food waste[J]. Journal of Bioscience & Bioengineering, 2006, 102(4):328-332.
[38] VINDIS P, MURSEC B, JANZEKOVIC M, et al. The impact of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion on biogas production[J]. Journal of Achievements in Materials & Manufacturing Engineering, 2009, 36(2):192-198.
[39] WANG P, WANG H T, QIU Y Q, et al. Microbial characteristics in anaerobic digestion process of food waste for methane production——a review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 248:29-36.
[40] LIU J B, NI X T, WEI Y S, et al. Enhancement for anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge pretreated by microwave and its combined processes[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(9):3455.
[41] BRAGUGLIA C M, GIANICO A, MININNI G. Comparison between ozone and ultrasound disintegration on sludge anaerobic digestion[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 95:S139-S143.
[42] WATANABE H, KITAMURA T, OCHI S, et al. Inactivation of pathogenic bacteria under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions[J]. Water Science & Technology, 1997, 36:25-32.
[43] ZIEMBA C, PECCIA J. Net energy production associated with pathogen inactivation during mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45(16):4758.
[44] ELMITWALLI T A, SOELLNER J, DE KEIZER A, et al. Biodegradability and change of physical characteristics of particles during anaerobic digestion of domestic sewage[J]. Water Research, 2001, 35(5):1311.
[45] BOE K, KOUGIAS P G, PACHECO F, et al. Effect of substrates and intermediate compounds on foaming in manure digestion systems[J]. Water Science & Technology A:Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2012, 66(10):2146.
[46] KIM H W, NAM J Y, KANG S T, et al. Hydrolytic activities of extracellular enzymes in thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic sequencing-batch reactors treating organic fractions of municipal solid wastes[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 110(4):130-134.
[47] FERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ J, PÉREZ M, ROMERO L I. Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic dry anaerobic digestion of OFMSW:kinetic analysis[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2013, 232:59-64.
[48] GUO X, CHENG W, SUN F, et al. A comparison of microbial characteristics between the thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digesters exposed to elevated food waste loadings[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 152:420.
[49] WITTEBOLLE L, MARZORATI M, CLEMENT L, et al. Initial community evenness favours functionality under selective stress[J]. Nature, 2009,458(7238):623.
[50] GAVALA H N, YENAL U, SKIADAS I V, et al. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of primary and secondary sludge. Effect of pre-treatment at elevated temperature[J]. Water Research, 2003, 37(19):4561-4572.
[51] KALAT D G, YÜCEER A. Anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic treatability of vegetable oil refining wastewater[J]. Process Safety & Environmental Protection, 2017, 109:151-157.
[52] LI Q, QIAO W, WANG X, et al. Kinetic characterization of thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digestion for coffee grounds and waste activated sludge[J]. Waste Management, 2015, 36:77-85.
[53] ZUPANCIC G D, ROŠ M. Heat and energy requirements in thermophilic anaerobic sludge digestion[J]. Renewable Energy, 2003, 28(14):2255-2267.
[54] 汪春霞. 有机固体废弃物厌氧消化与综合利用[J]. 中国资源综合利用, 2006, 24(7):25-28. WANG C X. Organic waste anaerobic digestion and its technology of comprehensive utilization[J]. China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, 2006, 24(7):25-28.
[55] DE BAERE L, MATTHEEUWS B. State-of-the-art 2008——anaerobic digestion of solid waste[J]. Waste Management World, 2008, 9(5):1-8.
[56] 党锋, 毕于运, 刘研萍, 等. 欧洲大中型沼气工程现状分析及对我国的启示[J]. 中国沼气, 2014, 32(1):79-83. DANG F, BI Y Y, LIU Y P, et al. Analysis of the large-and-medium-sized biogas projects in europe and comparisons with our country[J]. China Biogas, 2014, 32(1):79-83.