我国乙烯生产工艺现状与发展趋势分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

介绍了管式炉蒸汽裂解、石脑油催化裂解、重油催化裂解、原油直接裂解以及煤（甲醇）、生物质乙醇、合成气、甲烷制乙烯等乙烯工艺，阐述了各工艺的发展现状和特点，并从成本、投资、原料和产品等几个方面分析了我国乙烯生产的未来发展趋势，结论认为，低油价下石脑油制烯烃将长期在我国烯烃生产路线中占据主导地位，在原料低成本化、多元化和炼化一体化上具有更大优化空间；煤、甲醇等非石油路线会受到抑制，但随着在建煤制烯烃（包括MTO）项目的投产和煤制烯烃技术的进步，其在乙烯总产能的占比还将增大，甲醇制烯烃的发展主要取决于稳定廉价的甲醇来源；乙烷裂解制烯烃则取决于我国乙烷资源的市场供应和价格情况；应加强甲烷制乙烯和合成气制乙烯的研究开发投入，力争催化剂等核心技术的突破和解决工程技术问题。

关键词: 乙烯, 石脑油, 煤, 甲醇, 乙烷, 甲烷, 乙醇, 合成气

Abstract:

Ethylene technologies including steam pyrolysis,naphtha catalytic cracking,heavy oil catalytic cracking,direct crude-to-ethylene,coal(methanol) to olefin,biomass ethanol dehydration to ethylene,syngas-to-ethylene and methane to ethylene are reviewed. The development status and characteristics of each process are described and the development trend of ethylene industry in China is analyzed in many ways including cost,investment,raw material and product. It is concluded that the naphtha-base ethylene will occupy the dominant position for a long time in China and have greater optimization space in the raw material cost,diversification and integration. With low oil price, CTO/MTO and other non-oil routes will be suppressed,but with CTO/MTO project under construction coming on stream and technological progress,the proportion of CTO/MTO capacity accounting for the total ethylene capacity will increase. MTO is decided by the stable inexpensive methanol source. Ethane-base ethylene is decided by ethane supplies and the price in China. R & D investment of methane to ethylene and syngas to ethylene should be enhanced,striving for breakthroughs in core technologies such as catalysts and for solving engineering problems.

Key words: ethylene, naphtha, coal, methanol, ethane, methane, ethanol, syngas

中图分类号:

TQ81.2

李振宇, 王红秋, 黄格省, 任文坡, 张博, 魏寿祥. 我国乙烯生产工艺现状与发展趋势分析[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(03): 767-773.

LI Zhenyu, WANG Hongqiu, HUANG Gesheng, REN Wenpo, ZHANG Bo, WEI Shouxiang. Analysis on status and development trend of ethylene production technology in China[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(03): 767-773.

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