含表面活性剂溶液的雾化特性及对细颗粒物的强化去除效果

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1685

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

喷雾技术在气体净化、粉尘控制、化学合成等领域应用广泛，其中液滴尺寸控制及提高喷雾均匀性是该技术面临的挑战。为此，本文拟利用表面活性剂对水雾的雾化特性进行调控，以提高喷雾均匀性，并进一步探究其对细颗粒物去除的促进作用。本文采用实验研究，首先对三种不同性质表面活性剂（十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、吐温80）溶液的雾化特性进行了分析，探究了表面活性剂的种类和浓度对于雾化特性的影响。结果表明，与去离子水相比，表面活性剂的加入可以显著提升喷雾的均匀性，喷雾总体粒径减小，并且非离子型表面活性剂吐温80雾化形成的小液滴数量占比最高。当表面活性剂溶液浓度达到临界胶束浓度（CMC）时，三种类型表面活性剂溶液的液滴数达到峰值，以此作为最佳雾化浓度。此外，通过喷雾去除细颗粒物实验表明，含表面活性剂溶液喷雾可以加快细颗粒物去除速率。

关键词: 喷雾, 表面活性剂, 细颗粒物, 液滴粒径

Abstract:

Spraying technology is widely used in the fields of gas purification, dust control and chemical synthesis. Among them, droplet size control and improvement of spray uniformity are the challenges of this technology. For this reason, this paper intends to use surfactants to regulate the atomization characteristics of water mist to improve spray uniformity and further explore its promotion effect on fine particle removal. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to analyze the atomization characteristics of three surfactants (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and Tween 80) solutions with different properties, and to investigate the effects of surfactant type and concentration on the atomization characteristics. The results showed that compared with deionized water, the addition of surfactants could significantly improve the spray uniformity, the overall particle size of the spray decreased, and the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 (TW80) atomized the highest percentage of small droplets formed. The number of droplets of the three types of surfactant solutions peaked when the surfactant solution concentration reached the critical micelle concentration (CMC), which was taken as the optimal atomization concentration. In addition, the fine particulate removal experiments by spraying showed that spraying with surfactant solutions could accelerate the removal rate of fine particulate.

Key words: spray, surfactant, fine particulate matter, droplet size

中图分类号:

X741

顾海林, 陈斌康, 郭佳琪, 冯洁, 简青山, 王进卿, 张光学. 含表面活性剂溶液的雾化特性及对细颗粒物的强化去除效果[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 865-871.

GU Hailin, CHEN Binkang, GUO Jiaqi, FENG Jie, JIAN Qingshan, WANG Jinqing, ZHANG Guangxue. Atomization characteristics of surfactant-containing solutions and enhanced removal of fine particulate matter[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 865-871.

图/表 8

参考文献 23

1	ZHOU Lei, YANG Shuying, CHEN Wu, et al. Chemical agglomeration properties of fine particles immersed in solutions and the reduction in fine particle emission by adding emulsion polymers[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2018, 175: 44-53.
2	胡彬, 陈瑞, 徐建勋, 等. 雾霾超细颗粒物的健康效应[J]. 科学通报, 2015, 60(30): 2808-2823.
	HU Bin, CHEN Rui, XU Jianxun, et al. Health effects of ambient ultrafine(nano) particles in haze[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2015, 60(30): 2808-2823.
3	CHANG Qianyun, ZHENG Chenghang, YANG Zhengda, et al. Electric agglomeration modes of coal-fired fly-ash particles with water droplet humidification[J]. Fuel, 2017, 200: 134-145.
4	罗成. 加热炉管式换热器机械除尘装置[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2012.
	LUO Cheng. Mechanical dust-removal device for furnace tubular heat exchanger[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2012.
5	张卫东, 苏海佳, 高坚. 袋式除尘器及其滤料的发展[J]. 化工进展, 2003, 22(4): 380-384.
	ZHANG Weidong, SU Haijia, GAO Jian. Development of bag filter and its filter media[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2003, 22(4): 380-384.
6	袁源平, 王海宁. 高效湿式除尘器研究[J]. 矿业研究与开发, 2011, 31(3): 51-54.
	YUAN Yuanping, WANG Haining. Study on efficient wet dust separator[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2011, 31(3): 51-54.
7	ZHOU Lei, CHEN Wu, WU Hao, et al. Investigation on the relationship of droplet atomization performance and fine particle abatement during the chemical agglomeration process[J]. Fuel, 2019, 245: 65-77.
8	LIU Yali, SUN Deshuai, QIN Tingting, et al. Coupling effect of surfactant sprays and gas jet on inhalable particle agglomeration[C] //Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering. June 27-28, 2015. Guangzhou, China. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015.
9	YE Zhongbin, ZHANG Fuxiang, HAN Lijuan, et al. The effect of temperature on the interfacial tension between crude oil and gemini surfactant solution[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2008, 322(1/2/3): 138-141.
10	ZHANG Lu, LUO Lan, ZHAO Sui, et al. Studies of synergism/antagonism for lowering dynamic interfacial tensions in surfactant/alkali/acidic oil systems. Part 2: Synergism/antagonism in binary surfactant mixtures [J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2002, 251(1): 166-171.
11	邓权龙, 丁厚成, 徐远迪, 等. 表面活性雾滴联合金属网栅增效除尘[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 546-552.
	DENG Quanlong, DING Houcheng, XU Yuandi, et al. Synergistic dust removal performance of surfactant droplets combined with metal mesh grid[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(1): 546-552.
12	周磊, 杨树莹, 吴新, 等. 表面活性剂增强喷雾对褐煤细颗粒物的抑制[J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 49(2): 280-287.
	ZHOU Lei, YANG Shuying, WU Xin, et al. Enhancing suppression performance of spray on lignite fine particles by adding surfactant[J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 49(2): 280-287.
13	朱洪堂, 申贤坤, 李润浩, 等. 化学团聚剂强化燃煤细颗粒物团聚脱除[J]. 环境工程, 2020, 38(12): 97-102, 91.
	ZHU Hongtang, SHEN Xiankun, LI Runhao, et al. Removal of fine particles from coal combustion with chemical agglomeration agents[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2020, 38(12): 97-102, 91.
14	GENG Kui, YAO Junwen, LU Jingwen, et al. Promoting fine particle agglomeration through organic agglomeration solutions with charged atomization[J]. Fuel, 2022, 328: 125342.
15	WANG Pengfei, HAN Han, TIAN Chang, et al. Experimental study on dust reduction via spraying using surfactant solution[J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2020, 11(6): 32-42.
16	WANG Naiguo, NIE Wen, CHENG Weimin, et al. Experiment and research of chemical de-dusting agent with spraying dust-settling[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2014, 84: 764-769.
17	ZHANG Haihan, NIE Wen, YAN Jiayi, et al. Preparation and performance study of a novel polymeric spraying dust suppression agent with enhanced wetting and coagulation properties for coal mine[J]. Powder Technology, 2020, 364: 901-914.
18	FISHER Brian T, WEISMILLER Michael R, TUTTLE Steven G, et al. Effects of fluid properties on spray characteristics of a flow-blurring atomizer[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2018, 140(4): 041511.
19	胡自成, 宋新南, 李昌烽, 等. 表面活性剂溶液物理特性研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2011, 30(8): 1658-1663, 1788.
	HU Zicheng, SONG Xinnan, LI Changfeng, et al. Research progress of physical properties of surfactant solutions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2011, 30(8): 1658-1663, 1788.
20	XU Guang, CHEN Yinping, EKSTEEN Jacques, et al. Surfactant-aided coal dust suppression: A review of evaluation methods and influencing factors[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 639: 1060-1076.
21	袁吉, 李金平, 王林军, 等. 表面活性剂对水合反应物两相界面张力的影响[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2008, 38(4): 419-423.
	YUAN Ji, LI Jinping, WANG Linjun, et al. Effect of surfactants on interfacial tension of gas hydrate formers[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology of China, 2008, 38(4): 419-423.
22	桂哲. 煤矿井下高效喷雾降尘实验研究[D]. 湘潭: 湖南科技大学, 2017.
	GUI Zhe. Experimental study on the high efficiency spray and dust removal in coal mine[D]. Xiangtan: Hunan University of Science and Technology, 2017.
23	VAARASLAHTI K, LAITINEN A. Natural charging of droplets during spraying in wet scrubber[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 1999, 30: S693-S694.

名称	简称	种类	分子式
十二烷基苯磺酸钠	SDBS	阴离子	C₁₈H₂₉SO₃Na
十六烷基三甲基溴化铵	CTAB	阳离子	C₁₉H₄₂BrN
吐温80	TW80	非离子	C₂₄H₄₄O₆

名称	简称	种类	分子式
十二烷基苯磺酸钠	SDBS	阴离子	C₁₈H₂₉SO₃Na
十六烷基三甲基溴化铵	CTAB	阳离子	C₁₉H₄₂BrN
吐温80	TW80	非离子	C₂₄H₄₄O₆

序号	质量分数/%	表面张力/mN·m^-1
序号	质量分数/%	SDBS	CTAB	TW80
1	0	71.90±0.01	71.90±0.01	71.90±0.01
2	0.005	32.27±0.05	20.01±0.03	43.49±0.04
3	0.01	30.78±0.04	19.88±0.04	40.74±0.05
4	0.05	30.37±0.05	29.95±0.07	40.99±0.06
5	0.10	29.75±0.05	30.65±0.04	40.15±0.03
6	0.15	30.70±0.06	30.80±0.04	40.30±0.04

序号	质量分数/%	表面张力/mN·m^-1
序号	质量分数/%	SDBS	CTAB	TW80
1	0	71.90±0.01	71.90±0.01	71.90±0.01
2	0.005	32.27±0.05	20.01±0.03	43.49±0.04
3	0.01	30.78±0.04	19.88±0.04	40.74±0.05
4	0.05	30.37±0.05	29.95±0.07	40.99±0.06
5	0.10	29.75±0.05	30.65±0.04	40.15±0.03
6	0.15	30.70±0.06	30.80±0.04	40.30±0.04

序号	质量分数/%	溶液黏度/mPa·s
序号	质量分数/%	SDBS	CTAB	TW80
1	0	0.91±0.01	0.91±0.01	0.91±0.01
2	0.005	1.17±0.02	0.96±0.02	0.93±0.02
3	0.01	0.91±0.01	0.92±0.01	0.91±0.01
4	0.05	0.94±0.02	0.92±0.01	0.93±0.02
5	0.10	0.94±0.02	0.94±0.02	0.93±0.02
6	0.15	0.96±0.03	0.93±0.01	0.93±0.01