风洞真空排气系统直接接触传热过程

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2380

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

某风洞真空排气系统在运行过程中，会产生大量含水蒸气的混合气体。为了提高排气效率降低能耗，本文引入冷凝塔工艺，采用直接接触换热冷凝方式使来流含水蒸气的混合气体降温冷凝。基于微元塔高传质模型，对进入冷凝塔的热流气体与冷却水直接接触换热过程分析，推导出传质系数数学方程表达式。结合实验数据考察了进气压力与冷凝降温排出气体中水蒸气含量的影响，并拟合得到一定温度下进气压力与该气体水蒸气含量的数学表达式；也考察了冷却水质量通量和气液比变化对传质系数、体积传热系数、出气温度的影响，在此基础上拟合得到针对风洞气流直接接触换热气液比与体积传热系数数学关系式，并计算出最优气液比。实验得出的规律对风洞气流的直接接触换热优化设计和应用起到了指导作用。

关键词: 传质, 传热, 焓, 直接接触, 冷凝

Abstract:

During the operation of the vacuum exhaust system of a wind tunnel, a large amount of mixed gas with water vapor are produced. In order to improve the exhaust efficiency and reduce energy consumption, the condensing tower process was introduced to cool and condense the mixed gas with water vapor by direct contact heat exchange and condensation. Based on the high mass transfer model of micro element tower, the direct contact heat transfer process between heat flow gas entering the condensation tower and cooling water was analyzed, and the mathematical equation expression of mass transfer coefficient was deduced. Combined with the experimental data, the effects of gas pressure and condensation cooling on the water vapor content of the discharged gas were investigated, and the mathematical expressions of gas pressure and water vapor content at a certain temperature were fitted. The effects of cooling water mass flux and gas-liquid ratio on mass transfer coefficient, volumetric heat transfer coefficient and outlet temperature were also investigated. On this basis, the mathematical relationship between gas-liquid ratio and volumetric heat transfer coefficient for direct contact heat transfer of wind tunnel airflow was fitted, and the optimal gas-liquid ratio was calculated. The rules obtained from the experiment can be a guiding role in the optimal design and application of direct contact heat transfer of wind tunnel airflow.

Key words: mass transfer, heat transfer, enthalpy, direct contact, condensation

中图分类号:

TQ05

李伟, 齐大伟, 杨炯良. 风洞真空排气系统直接接触传热过程[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(9): 4618-4624.

LI Wei, QI Dawei, YANG Jiongliang. Direct contact heat transfer process of vacuum exhaust system in wind tunnel[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(9): 4618-4624.

图/表 11

参考文献 20

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序号	名称	安装位置	量程/规格	数量	品牌或型号
1	文丘里流量计	冷凝塔进气管路	0~100kg·s^-1	1	罗斯蒙特
2	质量流量计	冷凝塔进水管路	0~1000kg·s^-1	1	重庆川仪
3	压力变送器	热气进气口	0~100kPa（绝压）	1	罗斯蒙特
4	温度计	冷凝塔进气口、出气口，冷凝塔进水口、出水口，填料位置	Pt100热电阻	5	重庆川仪
5	气体水分分析仪	冷凝塔进气口、出气口	0~70%	2	诺科仪器NK-300
6	测量采集系统		PLC1500	1	西门子

序号	名称	安装位置	量程/规格	数量	品牌或型号
1	文丘里流量计	冷凝塔进气管路	0~100kg·s^-1	1	罗斯蒙特
2	质量流量计	冷凝塔进水管路	0~1000kg·s^-1	1	重庆川仪
3	压力变送器	热气进气口	0~100kPa（绝压）	1	罗斯蒙特
4	温度计	冷凝塔进气口、出气口，冷凝塔进水口、出水口，填料位置	Pt100热电阻	5	重庆川仪
5	气体水分分析仪	冷凝塔进气口、出气口	0~70%	2	诺科仪器NK-300
6	测量采集系统		PLC1500	1	西门子

参数	值
热流气体进冷凝塔
F_g/kg·s^-1	18.88~92.26
T_g1/℃	58.6~91.8
W_g1/%	25.4~61.35
p_g/kPa	18~72
冷却水
F_w/kg·s^-1	100~700
L/kg·m^-2·s^-1	1.86×10^-2~1.303×10^-1
T_w1/℃	25.0
T_w2/℃	37.2~61.6

参数	值
热流气体进冷凝塔
F_g/kg·s^-1	18.88~92.26
T_g1/℃	58.6~91.8
W_g1/%	25.4~61.35
p_g/kPa	18~72
冷却水
F_w/kg·s^-1	100~700
L/kg·m^-2·s^-1	1.86×10^-2~1.303×10^-1
T_w1/℃	25.0
T_w2/℃	37.2~61.6

气体体积分数/%				F_g/kg·s^-1	G/kg·m^-2·s^-1	t_g1/℃	p_g/kPa	c_g/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1	I/kJ·kg^-1
H₂O	N₂	CO₂	O₂	F_g/kg·s^-1	G/kg·m^-2·s^-1	t_g1/℃	p_g/kPa	c_g/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1	I/kJ·kg^-1
61.35	24.4	4.81	9.38	57.7	0.0107	68.3	29	1.42	-7206