稻壳基SiO2的提取及其含量对铜基摩擦材料性能的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1892

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用K₂CO₃溶液提取稻壳气化炭中的SiO₂（RHC-SiO₂），再以RHC-SiO₂/晶体SiO₂（C-SiO₂）/两种SiO₂等比例混合（RC-SiO₂）为摩擦组元，电解铜粉为基体，石墨和二硫化钼为固体润滑剂，制备铜基摩擦材料，并考察RHC-SiO₂/C-SiO₂/RC-SiO₂的添加对铜基摩擦材料密度、表面硬度及摩擦系数的影响，通过打磨及腐蚀制备金相，观察材料表面的物质分布状态，结果表明，RHC-SiO₂的比表面积为135.532m²/g，其5nm左右的中孔非常发达且在950℃烧结4h后，其表面收缩团聚，出现烧结颈，有结晶化的趋势；随着RHC-SiO₂/C-SiO₂/RC-SiO₂添加量的增大，铜基摩擦材料的密度逐渐降低，但RHC-SiO₂使其降低的幅度更显著；当RHC-SiO₂添加量为10%时，其表面硬度为64.6HV，较无摩擦组元的基础材料显著提高（43.33%）；C-SiO₂在材料中钉扎摩擦副，阻止摩擦运动以及提高摩擦系数而RHC-SiO₂起钉扎作用。本研究以期为RHC-SiO₂在铜基摩擦材料中的应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 稻壳气化炭, 二氧化硅, 铜基摩擦材料, 腐蚀, 密度, 硬度

Abstract:

In order to provide valuable data for further utilization of SiO₂ based on gasified rice husk carbon (RHC-SiO₂) from gasified rice husk carbon (RHC), this study used K₂CO₃ to extract RHC-SiO₂ from RHC, and then RHC-SiO₂/crystalline SiO₂ (C-SiO₂)/RHC-SiO₂ and C-SiO₂ mixed in equal proportion (RC-SiO₂) as the friction component, electrolytic copper powder as the matrix, graphite and molybdenum disulfide as the solid lubricant to prepare copper-based friction materials. The effect of the amount of RHC-SiO₂, C-SiO₂ and RC-SiO₂ added on the density and surface hardness of copper-based friction materials were investigated, as well as metallographic preparation by grinding and corrosion, observation and analysis of material distribution on the surface of materials. The results showed that the specific surface area of RHC-SiO₂ was 135.532m²/g and the mesopores around 5nm were significantly developed. After it sintered at 950℃ for 4h, the surface shrank and agglomerated, and a sinter neck appeared, which tended to crystallize. The density of copper-based friction materials gradually decreased as the amount of RHC-SiO₂, C-SiO₂, and RC-SiO₂ added increased. However, the reduction of RHC-SiO₂ was more significant than that of C-SiO₂. Its surface hardness (64.6HV) was significantly improved (43.33%) compared to the base material added by the frictionless component at the amount of RHC-SiO₂ of 10%. C-SiO₂ acted as a pinning friction pair in the material, preventing frictional movement and increasing the coefficient of friction, while RHC-SiO₂ acted as pinning.

Key words: gasified rice husk carbon, silica, copper-based friction material, corrosion, density, hardness

中图分类号:

TQ914.3

王亮才, 陈宇, 赵曼淇, 吴杰龙, 王哲, 马欢欢, 周建斌. 稻壳基SiO₂的提取及其含量对铜基摩擦材料性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4397-4405.

WANG Liangcai, CHEN Yu, ZHAO Manqi, WU Jielong, WANG Zhe, MA Huanhuan, ZHOU Jianbin. Effect of extraction of rice husk-based SiO₂ and it’s content on performance of copper-based friction materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4397-4405.

图/表 10

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样品	质量分数/%					总质量 /g
样品	电解铜粉	石墨	MoS₂	C-SiO₂	RHC-SiO₂	总质量 /g
1	89.00	10.00	1.00	0	0	42.00
2	87.00	10.00	1.00	2.00	0	42.00
3	85.00	10.00	1.00	4.00	0	42.00
4	83.00	10.00	1.00	6.00	0	42.00
5	81.00	10.00	1.00	8.00	0	42.00
6	79.00	10.00	1.00	10.00	0	42.00
7	87.00	10.00	1.00	0	2.00	42.00
8	85.00	10.00	1.00	0	4.00	42.00
9	83.00	10.00	1.00	0	6.00	42.00
10	81.00	10.00	1.00	0	8.00	42.00
11	79.00	10.00	1.00	0	10.00	42.00
12	87.00	10.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	42.00
13	85.00	10.00	1.00	2.00	2.00	42.00
14	83.00	10.00	1.00	3.00	3.00	42.00
15	81.00	10.00	1.00	4.00	4.00	42.00
16	79.00	10.00	1.00	5.00	5.00	42.00

样品	质量分数/%					总质量 /g
样品	电解铜粉	石墨	MoS₂	C-SiO₂	RHC-SiO₂	总质量 /g
1	89.00	10.00	1.00	0	0	42.00
2	87.00	10.00	1.00	2.00	0	42.00
3	85.00	10.00	1.00	4.00	0	42.00
4	83.00	10.00	1.00	6.00	0	42.00
5	81.00	10.00	1.00	8.00	0	42.00
6	79.00	10.00	1.00	10.00	0	42.00
7	87.00	10.00	1.00	0	2.00	42.00
8	85.00	10.00	1.00	0	4.00	42.00
9	83.00	10.00	1.00	0	6.00	42.00
10	81.00	10.00	1.00	0	8.00	42.00
11	79.00	10.00	1.00	0	10.00	42.00
12	87.00	10.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	42.00
13	85.00	10.00	1.00	2.00	2.00	42.00
14	83.00	10.00	1.00	3.00	3.00	42.00
15	81.00	10.00	1.00	4.00	4.00	42.00
16	79.00	10.00	1.00	5.00	5.00	42.00

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稻壳基SiO₂的提取及其含量对铜基摩擦材料性能的影响

Effect of extraction of rice husk-based SiO₂ and it’s content on performance of copper-based friction materials

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