氢燃料电池汽车用氢气中痕量杂质分析技术进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0690

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

燃料电池汽车（FCV）以氢气作燃料可解决传统内燃机汽车所带来的排放污染和大量化石能源消耗问题。氢燃料的纯度特别是氢气中一些痕量杂质的存在将影响燃料电池的催化剂性能和使用寿命。为保障燃料电池的长周期良好运行，在FCV氢源国际和国家标准ISO 14687-2、SAE J2719及GB/T 37244中均对各杂质含量提出相应的限值要求。为系统认识、评价氢气中重要痕量杂质分析的各技术标准方法，以便在氢气纯度分析中得到合理的应用，本文全面整合了除颗粒物外的其他13种气体杂质的现有分析技术标准及对应方法，分析了各方法与测定要求的满足情况；综合阐述了各分析技术的工作原理、方法优缺点及实际研究进展。针对目前氢气中各杂质分析以离线技术为主、集成度低、实施性差等问题，提出需自主设计多种关键杂质组分同时分析的集成联用方法，构建满足FCV用氢气品质保证的完整分析监测体系以及未来应主要向在线分析技术方向发展。

关键词: 燃料电池汽车, 氢气, 痕量杂质, 在线分析

Abstract:

Hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicles (FCV) can solve the environmental pollution and energy consumption problems caused by traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. The purity of hydrogen fuel, especially the presence of some trace impurities in hydrogen, will affect the catalysts performance and service life of the fuel cell. The corresponding limits for 13 kinds of gas impurities content were specified by the international and national standards of ISO 14687-2、SAE J2719 and GB/T 37244 for FCV hydrogen sources to ensure a long-term good operation of fuel cell. In order to systematically understand and evaluate the various technical standard methods for analyzing important trace impurities in hydrogen for rational application in hydrogen analysis, in this review, the existing analytical technical standards and corresponding methods of the 13 gaseous impurities other than particulate matter were comprehensively integrated, and the requirements of each method and measurement were also analyzed. The working principles, advantages and disadvantages of each analytical technique and its practical research progress were expounded overall. In view of the current problems on impurities analysis in hydrogen, including primary off-line technology, low integration and poor implementability, an integrated method for simultaneous analysis of a variety of key impurities need to be designed independently, a complete analysis and monitoring system satisfying the quality assurance of hydrogen for FCV should be constructed, and it will be mainly developed in the direction of online analysis technology in the future.

Key words: fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen, trace amount of impurities, online analysis

中图分类号:

O659.21

徐聪, 徐广通, 宗保宁, 谢在库. 氢燃料电池汽车用氢气中痕量杂质分析技术进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(2): 688-702.

Cong XU, Guangtong XU, Baoning ZONG, Zaiku XIE. Analytical progress of trace impurities in hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(2): 688-702.

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