管道清管器运行速度控制技术研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1437

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着对管道安全问题和降本增效理念的逐步重视，管道清管操作已成为全世界油气管道运行中必不可少的作业规程，清管器的运行速度是需要重点控制的参数之一，当其处于合理区间内时（原油管道1~5m/s，天然气管道2~7m/s），清管效果最佳。本文基于对管道清管数学模型的研究，首先论述了不同的被动控制方法，认为该方法较为灵活，应用广泛，对不同入口条件下清管器速度的准确计算是能否控制清管器速度处于合理区间的关键；然后对不同的主动控制方法进行了研究，研究表明：射流清管器速度控制的核心是旁通率的优选，其依赖于压降系数、皮碗与管壁间摩擦力的准确计算，建立简便可靠的摩擦力工程计算模型将有助于射流清管技术应用的进一步推广；最终本文对清管器智能调速技术进行综述和展望，指出发展稳定可靠的国产智能调速技术是未来重点研究方向。

关键词: 清管器, 速度控制, 模型, 射流清管, 智能调速, 石油, 天然气

Abstract:

With the increasing attention to pipeline safety, reducing cost, and increasing efficiency, pigging robot operation has become an indispensable operation procedure for oil and gas pipelines all over the world, and the pigging speed is one of the key parameters to be controlled. The best pigging effect can be reached when it is within a reasonable range (1—5m/s for crude oil pipelines and 2—7m/s for natural gas pipelines). Based on the research on the mathematical model of pigging, this paper firstly discusses the different passive control methods, which is flexible and widely used. Accurate calculation of pig speed under different inlet conditions is the key to controlling pig speed in a reasonable range. Then different active control methods are studied. The result shows that: the core of bypass pig speed control is the optimization of bypass rate, it depends on the accurate calculation of pressure drop coefficient, friction between bowl and tube wall. The establishment of a simple and reliable friction engineering model will further promote the application of bypass pigging technology. Finally, this paper reviews and looks forward to the intelligent speed control technology of pig, and points out that the development of stable and reliable domestic intelligent speed control technology is the key research direction in the future.

Key words: pig, speed control, model, bypass pigging, automatic speed regulation, petroleum, natural gas

中图分类号:

TE832

刘海潇, 何利民, 陈建恒, 罗小明, 赫松涛, 李清平. 管道清管器运行速度控制技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(6): 2327-2335.

Haixiao LIU, Limin HE, Jianheng CHEN, Xiaoming LUO, Songtao HE, Qingping LI. Research progress of pipeline pigs speed control technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(6): 2327-2335.

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