金刚烷合成研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0806

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 金刚烷是一种分子结构高度对称、密度大、燃烧热值高、热稳定性及脂溶性良好的笼状烃类，其在药物中间体合成、新型材料、润滑油及高密度液体燃料等方向应用广泛。本文对金刚烷的分子结构、物化性质及主要用途等方面进行了系统概述，重点阐述了国内外关于金刚烷的合成研究进展及分离提纯方法。通过对当前制备金刚烷的各种方法进行比较，论证了分子筛法可以取代三氯化铝法而成为理想的工业化生产金刚烷方法的可行性。最后对分子筛法进行展望，指出可以通过相关方法调节分子筛酸性和抑制反应过程中结焦等副反应的发生，在金刚烷收率提高的同时保障催化剂可长时间使用，进而推断分子筛法是实现工业化连续生产金刚烷最有潜力的方法。

关键词: 金刚烷, 异构化, 催化剂, 分子筛

Abstract: Adamantane is a cask hydrocarbon with highly symmetrical molecular structure, high density, high combustion calorific value, good thermal stability and lipid solubility, which is widely used in drug synthesis, lubricating oil and high density liquid fuel and other fields. In this paper, the molecular structure, physicochemical properties and main applications of adamantane are briefly summarized, and the synthesis methods, research progress and the purification methods of adamantane are described in details as well. By comparing the different isomerization methods of adamantane, this paper demonstrates the prospect that the molecular sieve method can take the place of aluminium chloride method becoming the ideal industrialized production methods of adamantane is feasible. Finally, the paper points out that through some methods to adjust molecular sieve acid and restrain the occurrence of adverse reaction, such as coking, the better result that the increasing yield and the long life of catalyst can be obtained at the same time, which can make the molecular sieve method become the most promising method of industrialized continuous production of adamantane.

Key words: adamantane, isomerization, catalyst, zeolites

中图分类号:

TE626

焦兆才, 伏朝林, 朱忠朋, 王文科, 赵杰, 陶志平. 金刚烷合成研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(s1): 209-215.

JIAO Zhaocai, FU Zhaolin, ZHU Zhongpeng, WANG Wenke, ZHAO Jie, TAO Zhiping. Progress in synthesis of adamantane[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(s1): 209-215.

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