共混改性法对有机分离膜影响进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0483

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 有机聚合物如聚砜类、聚偏氟乙烯类、醋酸纤维素类、聚烯烃类等具有优良特性，是重要的膜材料。然而，膜污染问题限制了膜的应用。共混改性法操作简单，改性和成膜同时进行，效果稳定，通过共混改性法对有机聚合物膜进行膜改性可以有效降低膜污染。一方面通过共混亲水性聚合物、两亲性聚合物、两性离子聚合物对有机聚合物膜进行膜改性，制备改性膜的防污性和渗透性等性能均有不同程度的提升；另一方面，共混如TiO₂、SiO₂、碳纳米管（CNTs）、Al₂O₃、氧化石墨烯（GO）和ZrO₂等无机纳米粒子也可以制备高性能分离膜。本文从以上两方面综述了共混改性法的研究进展和存在的问题，并指出了通过共混改性提升膜的抗污染等性能是今后主要的发展趋势。

关键词: 膜, 分离, 共混改性, 聚合物, 纳米粒子

Abstract: Organic polymers such as polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, cellulose acetate, and polyolefins have become important membrane materials due to their excellent properties. However, membrane fouling limit the membrane practical applications. The blending modification method is widely employed to fabricate organic polymer modification membrane due to its simple operation, stable modification effects and membrane-forming and modification process conducted simultaneously. The blending modification method can effectively solve membrane fouling problem. On the one hand, the organic polymer membrane modification by blending hydrophilic polymer, amphiphilic polymer and zwitterionic polymer can enhance the membrane antifouling property and permeability to some extent; On the other hand, the introduced inorganic nanoparticles discussed include TiO₂, SiO₂,carbon nanotubes (CNTs),Al₂O₃,graphene oxide (GO) and ZrO₂, can also prepare high-performance separation membranes, Reviewing the research progress and existing problems of blending modification method from the above two aspects. The enhanced membrane antifouling performance by blending modification is the main tendency in the future development.

Key words: membrane, separation, blending modification, polymers, nanoparticles

中图分类号:

TQ028.8

代俊明, 孙秀花, 高昌录. 共混改性法对有机分离膜影响进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(s1): 159-165.

DAI Junming, SUN Xiuhua, GAO Changlu. Advances on effects of blending modification on organic separation membranes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(s1): 159-165.

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