动态转录调控微生物代谢途径研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0197

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统的微生物代谢工程主要是通过过表达或敲除关键基因来实现产物产量最大化，但会造成代谢流失衡，生产效能降低。而对微生物代谢途径进行动态调控可维持细胞生长，平衡代谢流，提高生产效率。本文根据信号分子的来源不同，将微生物在转录水平的动态调控分为两种：一种是在光、温度、化学诱导剂的外源信号刺激下，利用响应该信号的启动子等元件调控下游代谢途径的人工诱导动态调控；另一种为在胞内代谢物水平或细胞密度改变的内源信号感应下，利用启动子、转录因子、核糖核酸开关调节关键基因的细胞自主诱导动态调控。本文同时介绍了转录水平动态调控策略在微生物代谢工程中的应用实例，以期对代谢途径的多个基因实现连续动态表达以及适配表达，有效提高目标产物的产量。

关键词: 人工诱导, 动态调控, 自主诱导, 代谢途径, 转录, 元件

Abstract:

Traditional microbial metabolic engineering strategy achieves the maximize of product yield by overexpressing or knocking out key genes, but this measure often unbalances the metabolic flux, and reduces the efficiency of production. Dynamic regulation of metabolic pathways for microorganism not only helps to maintain cell growth and balance metabolic flux, but also increases the productivity of target compound. In this paper, on the basis of signal sources, the dynamic regulation strategies at transcription level by two ways: one is artificial induction of dynamic regulation mode, which can dynamically regulate downstream metabolic pathway under the stimulation of exogenous signals that include light, temperature and chemical inducer by using some components such as the promoters responsive to the special signal; another is autonomous induction of dynamic regulation process, which can subsequently regulate the expression of key genes under the endogenous signals that include the change of intracellular metabolite levels and cell density by employing promoters, transcription factors, and ribonucleic acid switches. The application of dynamic transcriptional regulation strategies in microbial metabolic engineering were also introduced, and these will be prospectively applied in dynamic and adaptive expression for multiple genes in metabolic pathway construction to increase the target products yield.

Key words: artificial induction, dynamic regulation, autonomous induction, metabolic pathway, transcription, element

中图分类号:

Q819

王晨,赵雨佳,李春,周晓宏. 动态转录调控微生物代谢途径研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(9): 4238-4246.

Chen WANG,Yujia ZHAO,Chun LI,Xiaohong ZHOU. Advances in dynamic transcriptional regulation of microbial metabolic pathways[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(9): 4238-4246.

图/表 1

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