生物强化技术对厌氧消化特性影响研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0089

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将生物强化技术应用到厌氧消化过程中，可克服复杂底物类型或消极环境条件等不利因素，因而近年来备受研究者的青睐。本文从生物强化制剂的类型出发，阐述了细菌强化、真菌强化、古菌强化、互营微生物强化和生物酶强化对厌氧消化特性的影响，并在此基础上回顾了生物强化技术在木质纤维素类底物、受氨氮/丙酸抑制类废水和难降解有机物消化中的应用，最后讨论了附着型强化方式和多段式强化方式对生物强化技术的影响。大量研究表明生物强化技术具有显著促进厌氧消化特性的积极影响，但在部分研究中并未得到良好成效，生物强化制剂的选择是该技术的关键所在。利用互营微生物的协同代谢或提高生物酶在系统中的稳定性将稳固生物强化技术的作用。此外，选择合适的附着载体和投加策略将进一步拓展生物强化技术在废水厌氧处理中的应用。

关键词: 生物强化, 厌氧消化, 菌群, 生物酶, 生物气

Abstract:

Bioaugmentation technology contributes to overcoming the adverse factors such as complex substrate types or negative environmental conditions in anaerobic digestion process, so it has been favored by researchers for years. Based on the types of bioaugmentation agent, the effects of bacteria-augmentation, fungi-augmentation, archaea-augmentation, syntrophic microorganism-augmentation and bio-enzymes-augmentation on the performance of anaerobic digestion were discussed. On this basis, the applications of bioaugmentation technology in lignocellulose substrates, ammonia-nitrogen/propionic acid-inhibited wastewater and refractory organic matters digestions were reviewed. Finally, the effects of attachment bioaugmentation and multi-stage bioaugmentation were discussed. Considerable researches have shown that bioaugmentation technology has a significant effect on promoting anaerobic digestion performance, while some studies have not achieved efficient results. The selection of bioaugmentation agents is the key to this strategy. The effects of bioaugmentation would be stabilized via building the microorganisms’ synergistic relationship or strengthening the enzymes’ stability in the system. In addition, the application of bioaugmentation technology in wastewater anaerobic treatment will be further expanded by choosing suitable attachment carriers and adding times.

Key words: bioaugmentation, anaerobic digestion, microbial, bio-enzymes, biogas

中图分类号:

X703

徐俊,朱雯喆,谢丽. 生物强化技术对厌氧消化特性影响研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(9): 4227-4237.

Jun XU,Wenzhe ZHU,Li XIE. Effect of bioaugmentation on the performance of anaerobic digestion: a review[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(9): 4227-4237.

图/表 5

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类型	强化剂名称或来源	作用		参考文献
类型	强化剂名称或来源	甲烷产量/%	甲烷产率/%	参考文献
细菌	P. xylanivorans Mz5^T	+17.8		[17]
	C. cellulovorans	+3.9
	F. succinogenes S85	+1.9
	P. xylanivorans Mz5^T and F. succinogenes S85	+6.9
	C. cellulovorans and F. succinogenes S85	+4.2
	SRB	+		[18]
真菌	P. ostreatus	+		[19]
细菌和真菌	Culture of Yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp., Coccidioides immitis sp. and Hansenula anomala sp.）、Cellulose-decomposing bacteria（Bacillus licheniformis sp.,Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus subtilis sp., and Pleurotus florida sp.）and Lactobacillus deiliehii sp.Yeast	+11.28~42.02	+26.7~75.57	[20]
古菌	Methanoculleus bourgensis MS2^T		+31.3	[22]

类型	强化剂名称或来源	作用		参考文献
类型	强化剂名称或来源	甲烷产量/%	甲烷产率/%	参考文献
细菌	P. xylanivorans Mz5^T	+17.8		[17]
	C. cellulovorans	+3.9
	F. succinogenes S85	+1.9
	P. xylanivorans Mz5^T and F. succinogenes S85	+6.9
	C. cellulovorans and F. succinogenes S85	+4.2
	SRB	+		[18]
真菌	P. ostreatus	+		[19]
细菌和真菌	Culture of Yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp., Coccidioides immitis sp. and Hansenula anomala sp.）、Cellulose-decomposing bacteria（Bacillus licheniformis sp.,Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus subtilis sp., and Pleurotus florida sp.）and Lactobacillus deiliehii sp.Yeast	+11.28~42.02	+26.7~75.57	[20]
古菌	Methanoculleus bourgensis MS2^T		+31.3	[22]

强化剂名称或来源	作用阶段		产气特性/%	参考文献
强化剂名称或来源	水解阶段	产氢产乙酸阶段	产气特性/%	参考文献
Caldicellulosiruptor lactoaceticus 和 Dictyoglomus	√		+10～24	[38]
Cellulose-degrading strain F2	√		+16.87	[39]
Phylum Bacteroidetes	√	√	+19～23	[40]
Caldicellulosyruptor saccharolyticus		√	160～170	[41]
Phanerochaete chrysosporium	√		+	[42]
Neocallimastix sp. (hyphael monocentric) 和 Orpynomyces sp. (hyphael polycentric)	√		+68.7～126.2	[43]
P. rhizinflata YM600	√		+	[44]
genus Clostridium	√		+56	[45]
Culture of Rikenellaceae、Clostridiaceae、Porphyromonadaceae、Bacteroidaceae 和 Ruminococcaceae	√	√	+109	[46]
CRE、GRE、SRE	√		+20～36	[47]

强化剂名称或来源	作用阶段		产气特性/%	参考文献
强化剂名称或来源	水解阶段	产氢产乙酸阶段	产气特性/%	参考文献
Caldicellulosiruptor lactoaceticus 和 Dictyoglomus	√		+10～24	[38]
Cellulose-degrading strain F2	√		+16.87	[39]
Phylum Bacteroidetes	√	√	+19～23	[40]
Caldicellulosyruptor saccharolyticus		√	160～170	[41]
Phanerochaete chrysosporium	√		+	[42]
Neocallimastix sp. (hyphael monocentric) 和 Orpynomyces sp. (hyphael polycentric)	√		+68.7～126.2	[43]
P. rhizinflata YM600	√		+	[44]
genus Clostridium	√		+56	[45]
Culture of Rikenellaceae、Clostridiaceae、Porphyromonadaceae、Bacteroidaceae 和 Ruminococcaceae	√	√	+109	[46]
CRE、GRE、SRE	√		+20～36	[47]

强化剂名称或来源	作用阶段		产气特性/%	参考文献
强化剂名称或来源	产氢产乙酸阶段	产甲烷阶段	产气特性/%	参考文献
Methanoculleus bourgensis MS2^T		√	+31	[22]
Culture of Clostridium ultunense sp. Esp JCM16670、Tepidanaerobacter acetatoxydans DSM 21804、Syntrophaceticus schinkii JCM16669 和 Methanoculleus sp. strain MAB1		√	—	[25]
Culture of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus (DSM 3720) 和 Methanosarcina thermophila (DSM 1825)		√	+	[51]
Culture of Methanoculleus spp.、 Tepidimicrobium spp.、 Aminobacterium spp.、 Petrimonas spp. 和 Defluviitoga spp.		√	+40	[52]
Culture of Methanosaetaceae、 Methanospirillum 和 Methanosphaerula	√	√	+	[55]
Culture of Methanosaet、Methanoculleus 和 Methanospirillum	√	√	+25～60	[56]