Ca(OH)2对污泥焚烧灰渣中Pb含量的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1505

化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 2479-2484.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1505

Ca(OH)₂对污泥焚烧灰渣中Pb含量的影响

夏志鹏,黄亚继(),査健锐,陈浩,秦文慧,曹健华

东南大学能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室，江苏南京 210096

收稿日期:2018-07-22 修回日期:2018-08-29 出版日期:2019-05-05 发布日期:2019-05-05
通讯作者: 黄亚继
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">夏志鹏</named-content>（1994—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为固废资源化处理。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51676040，51476031)

Influence on Pb in the ash by Ca(OH)₂ in the process of industrial sludge incineration

Zhipeng XIA,Yaji HUANG(),Jianrui ZHA,Hao CHEN,Wenhui QIN,Jianhua CAO

Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education，Southeast University，Nanjing 210096，Jiangsu，China

Received:2018-07-22 Revised:2018-08-29 Online:2019-05-05 Published:2019-05-05
Contact: Yaji HUANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将添加有Ca(OH)₂的污泥在管式炉中焚烧，通过原子吸收分光光度计（AAS）测定灰渣中Pb的含量，分析Ca(OH)₂对灰渣中Pb含量的影响。结果表明：在污泥焚烧过程中，Pb的挥发率随焚烧温度呈先上升后下降再上升趋势，结合X射线衍射（XRD）分析发现，这主要是由于硅铝酸盐对Pb的固留作用和挥发动力学的相互影响。添加Ca(OH)₂后，污泥灰渣中Pb的含量有明显的降低，而且随着Ca(OH)₂添加量的增加，污泥灰渣中Pb的含量持续降低，表明Ca(OH)₂的添加，促进Pb的挥发，减少Pb在灰渣中的含量。将灰渣中Pb的形态分为浸出态和残渣态，通过分析X射线衍射（XRD）和灰渣中两种形态Pb的变化规律，得到Ca(OH)₂促进Pb挥发的机理主要是：添加的钙元素与硅铝酸盐反应，降低了硅铝酸盐与Pb反应的概率，从而使Pb转变为挥发形态的可能性增大，因此提高了挥发率。

关键词: 污泥, 焚烧, 重金属, 温度, 添加剂

Abstract:

The influence on Pb in the ash by Ca(OH)₂ added was studied during sludge incineration in tubular furnace. Atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS) was used to detect the distribution of Pb in the ash. The experiment showed that the volatilization rate of Pb increased initially, then decreased and then increased with the working temperature increasing. The X-ray diffraction（XRD） results of sludge showed that the retention effect of aluminosilicate on Pb and volatilization kinetics lead to the trend. After Ca(OH)₂ added, the retention of Pb in sludge ash decreased obviously, which indicated that the addition of Ca(OH)₂ could promote the volatilization of Pb. Moreover, the more Ca(OH)₂ added, the less retention of Pb was. The morphology of Pb in ash was divided into leaching state and residual state. The main mechanism is that the reaction between calcium and aluminosilicate reduces the probability of aluminosilicate reaction with Pb by analyzing the results of X ray diffraction (XRD) of sludge added Ca(OH)₂ and the content of two forms of Pb.

Key words: sludge, incineration, heavy metal, temperature, additive

中图分类号:

X705

夏志鹏, 黄亚继, 査健锐, 陈浩, 秦文慧, 曹健华. Ca(OH)₂对污泥焚烧灰渣中Pb含量的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(05): 2479-2484.

Zhipeng XIA, Yaji HUANG, Jianrui ZHA, Hao CHEN, Wenhui QIN, Jianhua CAO. Influence on Pb in the ash by Ca(OH)₂ in the process of industrial sludge incineration[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(05): 2479-2484.

图/表 9

表1 污泥干燥基的工业分析和元素分析（质量分数）

工业分析			元素分析
挥发分	灰分	固定碳	C	H	O	N	S
31.9	58.2	9.9	21.05	2.74	14.49	3.01	0.51

表2 800℃时灰分中各物质的含量（质量分数）

SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	P₂O₅	Fe₂O₃	TiO₂	K₂O
43.15	38.25	4.73	4.14	3.5	1.6	1.28

表3 污泥成分（质量分数）

项目	样品代号
项目	N	C1	C3	C5
污泥质量比例	100	99	97	95
氢氧化钙质量比例	0	1	3	5

图2 铅元素挥发率

图3 污泥在不同温度下的XRD图

图4 铅元素在灰渣的固留率

图5 添加5% Ca(OH)2污泥在不同温度下的XRD图

图6 铅元素的浸出态比率

图7 铅元素残渣态比率

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Ca(OH)₂对污泥焚烧灰渣中Pb含量的影响

Influence on Pb in the ash by Ca(OH)₂ in the process of industrial sludge incineration

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