铁型反硝化：一种新型废水生物脱氮技术

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1459

化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (04): 2003-2010.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1459

铁型反硝化：一种新型废水生物脱氮技术

王茹^1,²(),赵治国^1,²,郑平³,袁林江^1,²()

1. 西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室，陕西西安 710055
2. 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室，陕西西安 710055
3. 浙江大学环境与资源学院，浙江杭州 310058

收稿日期:2018-07-16 修回日期:2018-09-06 出版日期:2019-04-05 发布日期:2019-04-05
通讯作者: 袁林江
作者简介:王茹（1989—），女，博士，讲师，研究方向为废水生物处理技术。E-mail：<email>R.Wang@xauat.edu.cn</email>。|袁林江，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为废水生物处理理论与技术。E-mail：<email>yuanlinjiang@xauat.edu.cn</email>。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金(51808433)

Iron-dependent denitrification, a novel technology to remove nitrogen from wastewaters

Ru WANG^1,²(),Zhiguo ZHAO^1,²,Ping ZHENG³,Linjiang YUAN^1,²()

1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, Shaanxi, China
2. North China Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environmental Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, Shaanxi, China
3. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China

Received:2018-07-16 Revised:2018-09-06 Online:2019-04-05 Published:2019-04-05
Contact: Linjiang YUAN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物脱氮是一类经济有效的废水脱氮技术。反硝化作为废水生物脱氮的重要环节，常常需要额外添加有机物（乙酸钠、甲醇等）作为电子供体。基于有机物的反硝化具有高活性、易操作等优点，但存在运营成本高、产生大量活性污泥和温室气体、易引发二次污染等问题。寻求新型反硝化电子供体是解决上述难题的有效手段。铁型反硝化技术是以零价铁或二价铁替代有机物作为反硝化过程电子供体的新型废水脱氮技术。该技术具有环境友好、经济高效、产物多效等优点，可有效破解我国低C/N废水脱氮难题。本文从现象提出、化学反应原理、生物反应机理3个角度简述了铁型反硝化的发展起源及反应原理；从技术效能、技术参数、技术强化3个层次介绍了目前铁型反硝化技术的研究进展；从环保性、经济性、产物多效性3个方面分析了铁型反硝化技术的优势。本文涵盖了铁型反硝化的历史起源、现今状况和未来发展等三方面内容，以期推进铁型反硝化技术的实验室研发工作，推动铁型反硝化技术在水处理领域的应用。

关键词: 废水脱氮, 铁型反硝化, 反应原理, 技术效能, 技术评估

Abstract:

Biological nitrogen removal is economical and effective thus it’s quite popular in wastewater treatments. Denitrification, as one of the essential parts of biological nitrogen removal, needs extra carbon source (acetate, methanol et al) as electron donor. Heterotrophic denitrification possesses high efficiency and easy operation but with high cost, vast surplus sludge, greenhouse gas emission and secondary pollution. Exploring a better electron donor for denitrification especially in wastewaters with low C/N ratio is necessary. Thus a novel nitrate/nitrite removal technology with iron/ferrous iron as electron donor was developed. Aiming to solve the nitrogen pollution in low C/N ratio wastewaters, this novel technology which was named as iron-dependent denitrification showed its remarkable advantages. Here in this paper, a brief summary of iron-dependent denitrification, its chemical reaction and microbial reaction mechanisms was exhibited; reactor performance, operation parameter and efficiency-enhancing measures of iron-dependent denitrification technology were listed; the advantages of iron-dependent denitrification technology in aspects of environmental protection, economic efficiency and multi-exploitable products were described. In total, a summarized history, current situation and future development of iron-dependent denitrification were given in the paper in order to promote the research of iron-dependent denitrification technology in the lab and to put forward the application of this novel technology in wastewater treatments in the future.

Key words: nitrogen removal from wastewaters, iron-dependent denitrification, reaction principle, technology efficiency, technology evaluation

中图分类号:

王茹, 赵治国, 郑平, 袁林江. 铁型反硝化：一种新型废水生物脱氮技术[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(04): 2003-2010.

Ru WANG, Zhiguo ZHAO, Ping ZHENG, Linjiang YUAN. Iron-dependent denitrification, a novel technology to remove nitrogen from wastewaters[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(04): 2003-2010.

图/表 4

图1 部分铁型反硝化菌形貌图

图2 电子供体与电子受体的氧还电位[26]

图3 铁型反硝化生物反应机理[27]

图4 铁盐反硝化颗粒污泥表面形成“铁壳”形貌[21]

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铁型反硝化：一种新型废水生物脱氮技术

Iron-dependent denitrification, a novel technology to remove nitrogen from wastewaters

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