水稻秸秆水热处理-酯交换改性制备吸油材料

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.05.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以水稻秸秆为原料经水热处理-酯交换改性制备溢油吸附材料。水稻秸秆通过水热预处理改善其纤维结构，进一步以乙酸乙烯酯为酯化剂、N，N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂、无水碳酸钾为催化剂进行酯交换改性，改性后材料的亲油疏水性得到明显改善。系统考察了酯交换反应的条件对改性材料的吸油性能影响，得到优化的改性条件：反应温度为90℃，催化剂浓度为1.5g/mL，酯化剂体积分数为20%，反应时间为6h。改性后水稻秸秆的吸油倍率为9.71g/g，吸水倍率为0.51g/g。对改性前后的材料进行BET、XRD和FTIR表征，发现水热处理可以显著改善材料的孔结构，扩大其孔径；酯交换改性材料的结晶度降低和乙酰基特征峰的出现，说明水稻秸秆确实发生了酯交换反应。

关键词: 水稻秸秆, 水热, 酯交换改性, 制备, 吸附剂

Abstract: A biomaterial for oil spill adsorption was developed using hydrothermal treatment and transesterification modification of rice straw. Rice straw was pretreated by hydrothermal process to improve the fiber structure. Using vinyl acetate as esterification agent, N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent,and anhydrous potassium carbonate as catalyst for transesterification modification,the hydrophobic of the modified material was greatly improved. The process conditions of transesterification modification of hydrothermal treated rice straw were investigated. The optimum technological conditions were as follows: temperature 90℃,catalyst concentration 1.5g/mL,volume fraction of esterifying agent 20%,and reaction time 6h. The oil-absorption capacity and water-absorption capacity of the modified rice straw were 9.71g/g and 0.51g/g,respectively. Furthermore,the rice straw before and after modification were characterized by BET,XRD,and FTIR. The hydrothermally pretreated rice straw had larger pore diameters. The decrease of crystallinity and appearance of acetyl group of characteristic peak after transesterification showed the feasibility of transesterification modification of rice straw.

Key words: rice straw, hydrothermal, transesterification modification, preparation, sorbents

中图分类号:

TQ26

王磊, 刘昌见. 水稻秸秆水热处理-酯交换改性制备吸油材料[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(05): 1811-1817.

WANG Lei, LIU Changjian. Hydrothermal treatment and transesterification modification of rice straw for oil spill absorption material[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(05): 1811-1817.

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