燃料电池自增湿膜电极的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 使用自增湿膜电极可以减去燃料电池复杂的增湿系统,并使得膜电极的水热管理变得容易和简单,对于燃料电池的大规模商业化具有重要意义。本文主要从自增湿复合膜、自增湿催化层以及自增气体扩散层等几个方面介绍了近年来自增湿膜电极的一些重要研究进展和发展趋势。首先介绍了基于掺杂和复合机构的自增湿复合膜的发展状况,指出自增湿复合膜是最直接有效的自增湿方式;其次介绍了基于物理或化学方法构筑的自增湿催化层的研究现状,认为构筑自增湿催化层能够促进阴极侧电化学反应生成的水向阳极侧的反扩散,从而提高膜电极的低湿度性能;最后综述了自增湿气体扩散层,对这类电极的发展趋势及应用前景进行了展望。

关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池, 自增湿, 膜电极, 复合膜, 催化层, 气体扩散层, 质子交换膜燃料电池, 自增湿, 膜电极, 复合膜, 催化层, 气体扩散层

Abstract: Application of self-humidifying membrane electrode assembly (SH-MEA) will result in elimination of complex humidifying system, and make hydro-thermal management of fuel cells easy, leading to decrease of cost and enhancement of power density and performance of fuel cells. All these will be beneficial to large scale commercialization of fuel cells. Actually, the research and development of SH-MEA have been one of the hottest topics in fuel cell field. In this paper, the main progress and achievement are introduced from self-humidifying composite membrane, self-humidifying catalyst layer, and self-humidifying gas diffusion layer. Firstly, the development in self-humidifying composite membrane is introduced including physical doping membrane or composite structure membrane. Secondly, the recent progress of self-humidifying catalyst layer based on the physical or chemical methods is introduced. Preparing self-humidifying catalyst layer would improve the low humidity performance of MEA by accelerating water back-diffusion from cathode to anode. Lastly, self-humidifying gas diffusion layer is reviewed. Furthermore, the progress trend and application of this type of SH-MEA are also prospected.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, self-humidifying, membrane electrode assembly, composite membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer, proton exchange membrane fuel cell, self-humidifying, membrane electrode assembly, composite membrane, catalyst layer, gas diffusion layer

中图分类号:

TM911.4

侯三英, 熊子昂, 廖世军. 燃料电池自增湿膜电极的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(1): 80-85,112.

HOU Sanying, XIONG Zi'ang, LIAO Shijun. Progress of R & D of self-humidifying membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell application[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(1): 80-85,112.

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