The serious problems and necessities of sustainable development in China are described. The definitions of sustainability and process system engineering (PSE) are then discussed. In the major part of this paper，two aspects of PSE to meet sustainability are focused on: the first is inner-enterprise process integration including its methods and applications，the advanced PSE method was put forward in special; the other is inter-enterprise process integration including two integration models and some typical integration methods. Through this process systems engineering review，process integration is recommended to meet the challenges to sustainability. More than 70 key references are attached.

Hydrogen production directly from water splitting by solar energy on photocatalysts is one of the important ways to solve the world energy crisis.Some new types (tantalates，niobates，titanates，multisulfides) of photocatalysts are introduced in this paper.The ways of improving photocatalytic activities are discussed,including nanosized photocatalysts ,ion-doping，composite semiconductors，dye sensitization ,noble metal deposition,electron trapers, surface chelation and derivatives and external field coupling. And the future study is previewed.

Hydrogen is widely considered as a clean，efficient and renewable energy. Compared to traditional hydrogen-production technology，solar energy-driven water-splitting combines several attractive features for energy utilization. The energy source and reactive media for solar water-splitting are readily available and are renewable，and the discharge product of H2 utilization is environmentally benign too. A variety of approaches to and technological advances of producing hydrogen，including photovoltaic，indirect or direct thermo-chemical，photo-electrochemical and photo-thermal electrochemical solar water splitting are summarized.

The development of the catalysts for the decomposition of ammonia is reviewed. Comparisons are made among the catalysts that have different active components，supports and promoters. The mechanisms of the decomposition of ammonia are also discussed，the N—H bond cleavage and recombinative desorption of surface nitrogen atoms are the slowest steps in the ammonia decomposition. At last，the improvement of the catalysts is also discussed.

The production technologies of lactic acid as a green platform chemical and its advances are reviewed. For further development，the problems in achieving large-scale production and lowering producing cost by improving the existing production technology or developing new technologies should be solved. The directions for future work also are discussed.

Carbon nanotubes have drawn wide attention due to their unique structures and properties，such as special electric conductivity，mechanical，physical and chemical properties since they were first introduced. This review focuses on the application of carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction adsorbents，catalyst，gas sensor，etc in recent years.

The recent application and development of hydroxyapatite/chitosan composites are reviewed in this paper and the preparation，characteristics，properties of composites are also discussed. Hydroxyapatite artificial bone，one of the most helpful biomedical materials，has been studied and applied widely in biomedical materials and medical research. This paper summarizes material composite，characterization，application and the latest research development and trends of HA/CS，and the study and prospects of composite materials are presented.

Long-chain fatty acid esters of starch have some special properties，such as thermal plasticity，hydrophobicity，emulsifiability and biodegradability. The preparation methods including fatty acid anhydride method，fatty acid chloride method，transesterification method，etc，are reviewed，and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Additionally their application fields and prospects are introduced.

The stability of bio-oil is very important for its applications. This paper introduces the aging mechanisms of bio-oil and various methods to improve the stability of bio-oil，including drying，deashing，hot-gas filtration，vapor-phase catalytic pyrolysis，adding solvent and mild hydrogenation，etc. Various factors，such as original properties，application and process cost，should be taken into account when choosing an optimized scheme from these methods.

Stability is an important characteristic of anaerobic wastewater treatment systems. The definition and measuring parameters of stability are discussed. Moreover，the mechanism and behavior of the bioreactor operational instability caused by load shock，as well as the influence factors of stability are analyzed. The results show that the load shocks are supposed to greatly influence the operation of anaerobic reactors. The typical responses of anaerobic reactors to load shock include a decrease in performance，accumulation of volatile fatty acids，drop in pH and alkalinity，change in biogas production and composition，and sludge washout. The tolerance of anaerobic reactors to shocks is affected by the factors related to the treatment system as well as the variation of load. Accordingly，some proposals on the enhancement of stability are put forward.

The research on grade transition in continuous polyolefin production process is reviewed. The operation mode, grade transition objective, influence factors and mathematical descriptions of grade transition are presented, the characteristics and difficulties are described, the progress made in this area during the last decades is summarized, and the development trends in the future are discussed.

The general methods of preparing fluorinated polyurethane and introducing the fluorine–containing group are reviewed, especially introducing the fluorine-containing group to the hard-segment of polyurethane, soft-segment of polyurethane and acrylate monomers.The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Also, the typical properties of various fluorinated polyurethanes, for example, microphase-separation and low surface energy, are presented, and the applications of fluorinated polyurethane in the fields of elastomer, foam and coating are given. The future research of fluorinated polyurethane, especially the hot topics of fluorinated polyurethane are indicated.

The general methods of preparing fluorinated polyurethane and introducing the fluorine–containing group are reviewed, especially introducing the fluorine-containing group to the hard-segment of polyurethane, soft-segment of polyurethane and acrylate monomers.The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Also, the typical properties of various fluorinated polyurethanes, for example, microphase-separation and low surface energy, are presented, and the applications of fluorinated polyurethane in the fields of elastomer, foam and coating are given. The future research of fluorinated polyurethane, especially the hot topics of fluorinated polyurethane are indicated.

The current simulation studies of cracking furnace tube in China were reviewed and further research on two-dimensional model was recommended. The configurations of present two-dimensional models,the advances in kinetics models and different calculation methods and calculation results were summarized. The simulation of pyrolysis furnace should be combined with other techniques and make full use of plant data, experimental furnace data and the calculation results of simulation softwares . It is required to pool efforts to tackle key problems so as to give powerful support to the design, production and feedstock forecast of the pyrolysis furnace.

Based on the principles of chemical reaction engineering，the key technology in the production of organic isocyanates - phosgenation reaction was analyzed and the reaction could be considered as a parallel-series reaction. The proper feed-in method for this kind of reaction was studied in order to get the desired conversion and selectivity. Two kinds of phosgenation reactions used in the industry – one step reaction and two-step reaction were investigated. The latter is a better method though the former method is still used in some factories. At last，several kinds of reactors used by different manufacturers were studied and recommendation was made on how to chose a proper kind of reactor in different operation conditions.

Enterobacter aerogenes was irradiated by He-Ne laser to optimize the laser mutagenesis condition，and to test the heredity，aciduric and hydrogen-producing potential of the mutant. An aciduric mutant with steady hydrogen-producing capability，which was able to grow at acidic pH of 3.0，was obtained. Its capability of hydrogen production was measured in the batch culture experiment. The maximum hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate was 1781 mL/L and 240 mL/(L•h)，which were 48% and 32% higher than those of the parent strain，respectively. The results demonstrated that He-Ne laser mutagenesis could be used in the field of hydrogen-producing microorganism．

Dispersion of nano-particles in paint was studied. In order to enhance the dispersion of nano-particles in the fluorocarbon paint，the influence factors of dispersion stability of nano-TiO2 in the fluorocarbon paint were discussed in terms of the physical，mechanical and surface modification principles. The experiment results indicated that the dispersion of nano-TiO2 in the fluorocarbon paint could be improved by adding 731A，Tween80 and Tritonx100 etc and by mechanical dispersing at 6 000 r/min and 60 min，ultrasonic dispersing 30 min etc. At the same time，the anti-contamination and anti-washing performance of the nano-TiO2 fluorocarbon paint were improved.

The alkyl polyglycoside was synthesized by trans-glycosidation of potato starch，ethylene glycol，n-dodecanol in the presence of a compound catalyst of p-toluenesulfonic acid and promoter P，and influence factors of the synthesis process were also studied . The optimum conditions obtained by the orthogonal design were as follows: glycosidation temperature 115℃，n (glucose unit of starch) : n ( ethylene glycol ) : n (n-dodecanol )∶n ( catalyst ) =1∶5∶3∶0.01 . The yield was 122.53%.

4-Methyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenemethanol (Ⅲ) was prepared from 2,3,5,6–tetrafluoro–1,4–benzenedimethanol (Ⅰ) by chlorination and hydrogenolysis. In toluene, hydrochloric acid and (Ⅰ) in molar ratio 1.4 reacted at 100～105℃ for 6 h to yield 96.4% of 4–chloromethyl–2,3,5,6–tetrafluorobenzenemethanol (Ⅱ). In methanol, the catalytic hydrogenolysis of (Ⅱ) was carried out at 55℃ for 4 h with the mass ratio of (Ⅱ) to Pd/C catalyst to methanol= 1:0.05:9.0, with the (III) yield of 99%. The overall yield of the two -step synthesis was 95.4%.

This paper introduces the electrochemical degradation of nitrobenzene with three-dimensional Ti/Fe pillared rectorite electrodes. The factors affecting the nitrobenzene and CODCr removal efficiency are reviewed，including electrolyte, pH, cell voltage and initial concentration. The kinetics of electrochemical degradation of nitrobenzene is discussed.

The modified scrap rubber powder (SRP) was prepared through the surface-graft technology. The structure of SRP was tested by PyGC-MS and FTIR. The results showed that the group of －SO3 was grafted onto the surface of the scrap rubber powder (SRP). The workability and mechanical properties of SRP/mortar composites were determined. The optimum ratio of modifying agent/SRP was obtained from the test of fluidity and fluidity loss. Furthermore，the modified SRP/mortar composites showed the biggest fluidity，smallest fluidity loss and highest flexural strength in comparison with original SRP/mortar composites and control mortar. The process is simple and is easy to commercialize.

Basing on the practical experience and processing principle, the optimization of producing process, in which the butyl alcohol is abstracted from the water phase by the azeotropic distillation of the partly and mutually dissolved, is studied in this paper by utilizing the properties of the azeotropic distillation of the partly and mutually dissolved system of butyl alcohol and water, from the some questions such as rearranging of the equipments, dissolving with sodium hydroxide, treating of the wasted water, separating water and so on. By comparing the original process with the optimal result，it is shown that the benefits in energy saving and economy were improved greatly and the optimization technology will be good example for the process of butyl alcohol extraction by azeotropic distillation.

Some technical concepts of process conditions for methanolization and methanation purification of ammonia synthesis feed gas are presented. The above purification process could be operated under the pressure of 5.0～30.0 MPa., but methanolization should be operated under a medium or low pressure to save energy. In the second-stage of methanolization, CO+CO2 at the inlet should be 1.8％～2％ and CO+CO2 at the outlet should be 0.1％～0.15％ so that the energy consumption could be the least. Autothermic reaction of methanation could not take place when purifying the synthesis feed gas. By analyzing and assessing three supplemental ways of heating, there are some difficult problems, such as safety concerns of the equipment, inversion of the operation order,etc., when heating unreacted gas in methanation with exit hot gas from ammonia synthesis.

An integrated system of speedy pitch melt technology，separate installation of dust plenum and centralized bag filtration of dustwas combined with multi-tube electrostatic dust filtration in baking furnace to control dust contamination in the production workshop of a carbon factory. Experimental results showed that this project could enhance production workshop dust cleaning efficiency to 83.9%～93.2%. After purification，the concentration of dust emission was 20.0 mg/m3，the concentration of asphalt gas emission was 14.2 mg/m3，and the concentration of benzopyrene emission was 0.054×10-3mg/m3. All of the above pollutants complied with the national pollution emission standards. This project found a feasible way of dust and asphalt gas control in a small sized carbon factory.