Improvement of nitrate removal and nitrogen selectivity by the synergy of nZVI/BC and (Cu-Pd)/BC

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0663

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the mechanism of nitrate removal from water by the combined action of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI)/BC and (Cu-Pd)/BC, nZVI/BC and (Cu-Pd)/BC composites were produced by loading nano-metals on wheat straw biochar, and the materials were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, and XRD. The results showed that the nano-zero valent iron was well dispersed on the biochar (BC) and the nano-Cu-Pd was effectively loaded on the BC with uniform distribution. The nitrate removal rate of nZVI/BC: (Cu-Pd)/BC systems could reach 100% and the nitrogen conversion rate reached 42%. The best nitrate removal was achieved at pH 4.05; nitrate removal decreased with increasing initial concentration; the presence of dissolved oxygen reduced the nitrate removal; the presence of PO $4 3 -$ had the greatest effect on the removal efficiency and reduced the removal rate to 15.8%, while the presence of CO $3 2 -$ and SO $4 2 -$ had little effect on nitrogen removal and the removal rate was close to 100%. Kinetic studies showed that the removal of NO $3 -$ -N and NO $2 -$ -N by the combined action of nZVI/BC and (Cu-Pd)/BC under optimal conditions was in accordance with the quasi-secondary adsorption kinetic model, and the reaction process was dominated by the reduction reaction.

Key words: nitrate, nitrogen selectivity, nano-zero-valent iron, kinetics, biochar

摘要：

为探明纳米零价铁（nZVI）/BC与(Cu-Pd)/BC联合作用对水中硝酸盐的去除机理，分别负载纳米金属于小麦秸秆生物炭上，制得nZVI/BC与(Cu-Pd)/BC两种复合材料，并通过SEM、TEM、EDS、XRD对材料进行表征分析，从nZVI/BC的SEM中可以看出，纳米零价铁较好地分散在生物炭（BC）上面；从(Cu-Pd)/BC的TEM图中看出，纳米铜钯均有效地负载于BC上且分布均匀。结果表明，nZVI/BC:(Cu-Pd)/BC体系中硝酸盐的去除率可达100%，氮气转化率达到42%。当pH为4.05时硝酸盐去除效果最佳；硝酸盐去除率随着初始浓度的升高而降低；溶解氧的存在会降低硝酸盐去除率；存在PO $4 3 -$ 对去除效率的影响最大，去除率降低至15.8%，而CO $3 2 -$ 和SO $4 2 -$ 的存在对去除氮的影响不大，去除率接近100%。动力学研究表明：在最佳条件下，nZVI/BC与(Cu-Pd)/BC联合作用对NO $3 -$ -N、NO $2 -$ -N的去除均符合准二级吸附动力学模型，反应过程以还原反应为主。

关键词: 硝酸盐, 氮气选择性, 纳米零价铁, 动力学, 生物炭

CLC Number:

X524

PAN Weiliang, WU Qiye, CAO Yunpeng, ZHANG Xianbing, GU Li, HE Qiang. Improvement of nitrate removal and nitrogen selectivity by the synergy of nZVI/BC and (Cu-Pd)/BC[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(2): 981-989.

潘伟亮, 吴齐叶, 曹云鹏, 张先炳, 古励, 何强. nZVI/BC与(Cu-Pd)/BC协同提高硝酸盐的去除和氮气的选择性[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(2): 981-989.

Figures/Tables 14

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材料	准一级动力学		准二级动力学
材料	k₁/min^-1	R₁²	k₂/min^-1	R₂²
BC	0.00015	0.5908	0.66451	0.9026
nZVI	0.00329	0.9457	0.06513	0.9533
nZVI/BC	0.01610	0.9681	0.04022	0.8664
nZVI/BC：Cu-Pd	0.02190	0.8978	0.04358	0.9555
nZVI/BC：（Cu-Pd）/BC	0.01953	0.8931	0.04535	0.9628

材料	准一级动力学		准二级动力学
材料	k₁/min^-1	R₁²	k₂/min^-1	R₂²
BC	0.00015	0.5908	0.66451	0.9026
nZVI	0.00329	0.9457	0.06513	0.9533
nZVI/BC	0.01610	0.9681	0.04022	0.8664
nZVI/BC：Cu-Pd	0.02190	0.8978	0.04358	0.9555
nZVI/BC：（Cu-Pd）/BC	0.01953	0.8931	0.04535	0.9628

吸附材料	准一级动力学		准二级动力学
吸附材料	k₁/min^-1	R₂	k₂/min^-1	R₂
nZVI	0.00011	0.3711	0.06665	0.9999
nZVI/BC	0.00020	0.4269	0.03048	0.9996
nZVI/BC：Cu-Pd	0.00052	0.6170	0.01635	0.9989
nZVI/BC：（Cu-Pd）/BC	0.00101	0.8217	0.01189	0.9989

吸附材料	准一级动力学		准二级动力学
吸附材料	k₁/min^-1	R₂	k₂/min^-1	R₂
nZVI	0.00011	0.3711	0.06665	0.9999
nZVI/BC	0.00020	0.4269	0.03048	0.9996
nZVI/BC：Cu-Pd	0.00052	0.6170	0.01635	0.9989
nZVI/BC：（Cu-Pd）/BC	0.00101	0.8217	0.01189	0.9989

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