Research progress of manganese-loaded biochar preparation and its application in environmental remediation

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1746

Abstract

Abstract:

Biochar is a promising adsorbent due to its wide source of raw materials, low preparation cost and large specific surface area, and is an important direction for the resource utilization of solid waste, but its low adsorption capacity limits its practical application in environmental remediation. The modification of biochar by different methods can optimize its physicochemical properties and thus enhance its ability to remove pollutants. In recent years, the preparation of Mn-loaded biochar by various methods has shown great potential for environmental remediation. This paper summarized the preparation of Mn-loaded biochar and its application in the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals in the environment, and briefly discussed its application in environmental remediation such as advanced oxidation process, sludge treatment, low temperature selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and recycling. In light of the current research status, possible future research directions for the preparation, application and post-application impacts of manganese loaded biochar were proposed, with a view to providing references for the wider application of manganese loaded biochar in environmental remediation.

Key words: biochar, manganese, environmental remediation, adsorption, catalyze

摘要：

生物炭具有原料来源广、制备成本低、比表面积大等优点而成为一种有潜力的吸附剂，是固体废弃物资源化利用的一个重要方向，但吸附能力有限会限制其在环境修复的实际应用。通过不同方法对生物炭进行改性能够优化其理化性质，从而增强生物炭对污染物的去除能力。近年来，在生物炭上负载不同形态锰形成的载锰生物炭因在环境修复中表现出良好的应用潜力而备受关注。本文重点归纳和总结了载锰生物炭制备方法及其在去除环境中有机污染物和重金属方面的应用和机理研究，并介绍了其在高级氧化、污泥处理、低温选择性催化还原氮氧化物及再生利用等方面的应用。结合研究现状，提出未来载锰生物炭在制备、应用及应用后对环境影响方面的研究方向，以期为载锰生物炭在环境修复中更广泛应用提供参考。

关键词: 生物炭, 锰, 环境修复, 吸附, 催化

CLC Number:

X705

JIANG Jing, CHEN Xiaoyu, ZHANG Ruiyan, SHENG Guangyao. Research progress of manganese-loaded biochar preparation and its application in environmental remediation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(8): 4385-4397.

姜晶, 陈霄宇, 张瑞妍, 盛光遥. 载锰生物炭制备及其在环境修复中应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4385-4397.

Figures/Tables 9

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制备方法	优点	存在的问题
前体浸渍热解法	操作简便、设备简单	能耗高、排放温室气体
水热法	能耗低、控制水热条件负载不同形态的Mn	部分过程有废气产生、水热设备要求高
沉淀法	适合批量生产、能够制备纳米级别的复合材料	沉淀反应难以控制锰氧化物形状、产生污泥

制备方法	优点	存在的问题
前体浸渍热解法	操作简便、设备简单	能耗高、排放温室气体
水热法	能耗低、控制水热条件负载不同形态的Mn	部分过程有废气产生、水热设备要求高
沉淀法	适合批量生产、能够制备纳米级别的复合材料	沉淀反应难以控制锰氧化物形状、产生污泥

原料	制备方法	负载的锰	比表面积/m²·g^-1	平均孔径/nm	锰质量分数/%	氧质量分数/%	参考文献
椰壳	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₃O₄、Mn₂O₃	391.23（426.65）^④	2.99（2.45）	6.81^①	30.01^①（9.4）	[18]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₃O₄、Mn₂O₃	—	—	9.56^②	18.64^②	[19]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	23.8（61）	8.92（23.7）	3.05^③	7.95^③（5.16）	[20]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	3.18（60.97）	—	7.41	10.90（5.16）	[21]
洛氏松木材	前体浸渍热解法	方锰矿	463.1（209.6）	—	4.19^③	14.58^③（11.19）	[22]
美洲商陆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO₂	20.233	—	7.61^②	21.91^③	[23]
美洲商陆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	11.94	16.45	—	—	[24]
鸢尾	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₂O₃	76.31	—	—	—	[25]
稻壳	水热法	花状δ-MnO₂	—	—	—	—	[26]
稻壳	水热法	海胆状α-MnO₂	—	—	—	—	[26]
树木锯末	水热法	MnO₂纳米棒	613.8（550）	4.19（20.28）	—	—	[27]
裙带菜	水热法	花状δ-MnO₂	177.5（23.11）	—	—	—	[28]
海藻	沉淀法	δ-MnO₂	63.7（23.5）	9.21（23.5）	6.1^②	—	[29]
橘子皮	沉淀法	球状MnO₂	273.25（165.01）	2.08（2.54）	—	—	[30]
花生	沉淀法	γ-MnO₂	223.60（551.9）	7.63（2.84）	31.2^②	34.2^②	[31]
花生	沉淀法	HMO^⑤	3.57（2.99）	13.8（15.1）	—	—	[32]
花生	沉淀法	HMO	513.4（176.3）	4.21（2.07）	—	—	[33]
葡萄茎	沉淀法	AMO^⑥	171（72）	—	—	—	[34]
油菜	沉淀法	AMO	13（235.96）	—	—	—	[35]

原料	制备方法	负载的锰	比表面积/m²·g^-1	平均孔径/nm	锰质量分数/%	氧质量分数/%	参考文献
椰壳	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₃O₄、Mn₂O₃	391.23（426.65）^④	2.99（2.45）	6.81^①	30.01^①（9.4）	[18]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₃O₄、Mn₂O₃	—	—	9.56^②	18.64^②	[19]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	23.8（61）	8.92（23.7）	3.05^③	7.95^③（5.16）	[20]
玉米秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	3.18（60.97）	—	7.41	10.90（5.16）	[21]
洛氏松木材	前体浸渍热解法	方锰矿	463.1（209.6）	—	4.19^③	14.58^③（11.19）	[22]
美洲商陆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO₂	20.233	—	7.61^②	21.91^③	[23]
美洲商陆	前体浸渍热解法	MnO _x	11.94	16.45	—	—	[24]
鸢尾	前体浸渍热解法	Mn₂O₃	76.31	—	—	—	[25]
稻壳	水热法	花状δ-MnO₂	—	—	—	—	[26]
稻壳	水热法	海胆状α-MnO₂	—	—	—	—	[26]
树木锯末	水热法	MnO₂纳米棒	613.8（550）	4.19（20.28）	—	—	[27]
裙带菜	水热法	花状δ-MnO₂	177.5（23.11）	—	—	—	[28]
海藻	沉淀法	δ-MnO₂	63.7（23.5）	9.21（23.5）	6.1^②	—	[29]
橘子皮	沉淀法	球状MnO₂	273.25（165.01）	2.08（2.54）	—	—	[30]
花生	沉淀法	γ-MnO₂	223.60（551.9）	7.63（2.84）	31.2^②	34.2^②	[31]
花生	沉淀法	HMO^⑤	3.57（2.99）	13.8（15.1）	—	—	[32]
花生	沉淀法	HMO	513.4（176.3）	4.21（2.07）	—	—	[33]
葡萄茎	沉淀法	AMO^⑥	171（72）	—	—	—	[34]
油菜	沉淀法	AMO	13（235.96）	—	—	—	[35]

种类	生物炭原料	制备方法	目标污染物	吸附条件（温度，pH）	去除效果/mg·g^-1	参考文献
芳香族化合物	玉米秸秆	沉淀法	邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯	T=25℃，pH=7	10.1192	[42]
芳香族化合物	香蕉皮	前体浸渍热解法	苯甲酸	T=25℃，pH=4	68.213	[43]
抗生素	玉米秸秆	沉淀法	土霉素	T=25℃，pH=7	39.882	[42]
抗生素	竹柳枝条	沉淀法	土霉素	T=25℃，pH=5	360.50	[44]
抗生素	高粱秸秆	前体浸渍热解法	四环素	T=25℃，pH=7	736	[45]
抗生素	中药药渣	沉淀法	四环素	T=35℃，pH=3	131.49	[46]
抗生素	花生壳	沉淀法	盐酸多西环素	T=25℃，pH=3	101.49	[47]
抗生素	稻壳	沉淀法	四环素	T=25℃，pH=7	24.69	[48]
抗生素	稻壳	沉淀法	多西环素	T=25℃，pH=7	27.29	[48]
抗生素	马铃薯	前体浸渍热解法	诺氟沙星	T=35℃，pH=3	6.94	[49]
抗生素	马铃薯	前体浸渍热解法	环丙沙星	T=35℃，pH=3	8.37	[49]
抗生素	马铃薯	前体浸渍热解法	恩诺沙星	T=35℃，pH=3	7.19	[49]
染料	木质素	前体浸渍热解法	甲基蓝	T=25℃，pH=11	248.96	[50]
染料	凤凰花植物	沉淀法	刚果红	T=25℃，pH=5.8	117.647	[51]