Abstract:

CCUS technology is an important way to achieve the carbon peak and the carbon neutrality. However, the technology from CO₂ capture to utilization and storage is still immature in various stages. Factors such as environmental risks, safety risks, production costs and social acceptance hinder the large-scale commercialization of the technology. This article reviewed the domestic and international support policies and measures for CCUS technology, and introduced in detail the policy guidance, investment funding, market mechanisms, tax policies and capacity building that promoted the development of the CCUS industry. These policies aimed to reduce the costs of projects, improve the maturity of the technology and create a more sustainable and feasible market environment for the development of the CCUS industry. The article emphasized that government policy support and financial investment were key factors in promoting the development of CCUS technology and achieving the goal of net-zero emissions. There were still issues with the economic and technical challenges of CCUS technology, and continuous policy support was crucial to overcome these challenges. By reducing technology costs, improving technology maturity and market acceptance, and establishing a sound technical standard and regulatory system, CCUS technology would play an important role in achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.

Key words: carbon peak, carbon neutrality, carbon dioxide, CCS, CCUS, policy

摘要：

碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）技术是实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的重要技术手段，但从二氧化碳的捕集到利用、封存，各个环节的技术仍不成熟，环境风险、安全风险、生产成本、社会认可度等因素阻碍了技术的大规模商业化。本文综述了国内外对CCUS技术的支持政策和措施，详细介绍了推动CCUS产业发展的政策引导、投资资助、市场机制、税收政策以及能力建设等情况。这些政策旨在降低CCUS项目的成本，提高技术成熟度，并为CCUS产业的发展创造更具持续性和可行性的市场环境。分析可知，政府的政策支持和资金投入是推动CCUS技术发展和实现净零排放目标的关键因素。CCUS技术在经济性和技术上仍存在挑战性问题，政策层面的持续支持对于克服这些挑战至关重要。通过降低技术成本、提升技术成熟度和市场接受度、建立健全技术标准和监管体系，CCUS技术将在实现碳中和目标中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 碳达峰, 碳中和, 二氧化碳, 二氧化碳捕集和封存, 二氧化碳捕集、封存及利用, 政策