Abstract:

The catalytic valorization of plastics is crucial for addressing the global plastic pollution crisis, yet large-scale commercial applications face several challenges. This paper focused on recent advancements in overcoming the challenges of plastic catalytic valorization, specifically addressing the two most significant issues in the chemical upgrading of plastic recycling, i.e., low conversion efficiency and high energy consumption. Furthermore, we explored methods for enhancing the efficient utilization of plastic waste by improving the carbon utilization efficiency in traditional catalytic systems. The paper also reviewed the progress of novel reaction systems for plastic valorization under mild experimental conditions. Through a systematic discussion of catalysts, reaction processes and other aspects in both traditional and emerging plastic catalytic conversion methods, this review proposed the use of external field intensification techniques such as microwaves and plasma or other renewable energy sources to overcome the limitations of conventional heat transfer methods based on convection and thermal radiation. By leveraging the synergistic effects of different energy forms, this approach provided new perspectives for future research aimed at promoting the sustainable recycling and valorization of plastic waste.

Key words: plastic degradation, catalysis, value addition, carbon utilization efficiency, novel reaction systems

摘要：

塑料的催化资源化对于应对全球塑料污染至关重要，但其大规模商业化应用面临着多种挑战。本文重点讨论了近年来在应对塑料催化资源化过程挑战的最新研究进展，探讨了塑料化学升级回收中的两大重要挑战，即低转化效率与高能耗问题。深入探讨了通过提高传统催化体系碳利用效率实现塑料废弃物高效利用的方法，并综述了新型反应体系在实验温和条件下塑料资源化利用的相关研究进展。本文通过对传统和新型塑料催化转化中催化剂、反应工艺等方面的系统讨论，提出可利用微波、等离子体等外场强化方式或其他可再生能源突破传统基于对流和热辐射的热传递方式限制，充分利用不同能量形式的协同效应，为促进面向可持续循环的塑料废弃物资源化利用的未来研究提供了新思路。

关键词: 塑料降解, 催化, 增值化, 碳利用效率, 新型反应体系