Abstract:

The adsorption of microorganisms on material surfaces is a main reason of material contamination and degradation. Utilizing antifouling coatings is an effective approach to prevent microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. Due to their unique functionalities and the ease modification on surfaces, functional polymeric coatings with both antifouling and antimicrobial properties can effectively reduce the generation of biofilms on material surfaces and facilitate their removal. In this paper, the current promising coatings that combine antifouling and antimicrobial materials, as well as biomimetic structured surface coatings were summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of different antifouling and antimicrobial coatings were reviewed. The research progress of antifouling and antimicrobial polymer coatings in applications such as biomedical devices, ship fouling prevention, cultural heritage conservation and filtration membrane technology was introduced. Finally, It was pointed out that achieving a universal and durable solution for antifouling and antibacterial polymers and coatings remained challenging. There was a need to develop novel polymers and surface modification techniques to enhance long-term durability and facilitate industrial applications. By exploring innovative preparation strategies and in-depth study of their unique properties, important theoretical and technical references for researchers in this field were provided, thereby the widespread application of these coatings across multiple domains would be promoted.

Key words: antifouling, antibacterial, polymeric coating, surface, biomedicine, marine biofouling

摘要：

微生物在材料表面的吸附是导致材料污染和破坏的主要原因，利用防污涂层来防止微生物的黏附和生物膜的形成是一种有效的防护方法。具有防污和抗菌特性的功能型聚合物涂层由于其独特的功能以及易于修饰表面的优点，可以有效减少材料表面生物膜的产生，有利于生物膜清除。本文总结了目前具有发展前景的防污与抗菌相结合涂层和仿生结构表面涂层的制备方法，并对不同防污抗菌涂层的优缺点进行了综述；介绍了防污抗菌聚合物涂层在生物医用器材、船舶防污、文化遗产保护和过滤膜技术中的应用研究进展；最后指出了目前防污抗菌聚合物及涂层在实现其通用且持久性方面仍具挑战，需要开发新型聚合物和表面改性技术以实现其长期耐久性和工业应用。本文探索其新颖的制备策略并深入研究其独特的性质，为该领域的研究人员提供了理论和技术参考，推动了防污抗菌聚合物涂层在多领域的广泛应用。

关键词: 防污, 抗菌, 聚合物涂层, 表面, 生物医学, 海洋生物污损