Abstract:

Superhydrophobic surfaces have a wide range of applications in numerous fields and various preparation methods have been developed. As a green and efficient non-contact processing method, laser processing technology has unique advantages in preparing superhydrophobic surfaces. Based on the theory of surface wetting, this review outlined the characteristics and pattern types of laser-treated surfaces. It provided an overview of laser construction methods for superhydrophobic surfaces on various materials including laser one-step preparation, laser combined with chemical modification and laser combined with other technologies. The strengths and weaknesses of the different production methods were analyzed. Subsequently, the progress of laser technology to construct superhydrophobic surfaces of various materials in the anti-icing and fog collection was introduced. It was inspiring to expand the application and enhance the performance of materials. Finally, some problems of constructing superhydrophobic surfaces with laser processing at the present stage were pointed out. The studies on the effect of laser on the surface, wetting theory, large-scale application and surface repair mechanism still needed to be further explored to provide more possibilities for fabricating stable and durable superhydrophobic surfaces.

Key words: laser processing, superhydrophobic surfaces, wetting theory, surface treatment

摘要：

超疏水表面在诸多领域有广泛的应用前景，现已发展出多种制备方法。激光加工技术作为一种绿色、高效的非接触式加工方法，在超疏水表面的制备上具有独特的优势。本文首先以表面润湿理论为基础，简述了激光加工表面的特点及图案类型，从激光一步制备、激光与化学修饰结合制备及激光与其他技术复合制备超疏水表面三方面概述了近年来对不同材料超疏水表面的激光构建方法，分析了不同制备方式存在的优缺点；随后介绍了激光加工构建不同材料超疏水表面在防冰、集雾等领域的应用进展，对拓展不同材料的应用及使用性能的提升具有一定启发意义；最后，指出了现阶段激光加工构建超疏水表面存在的一些问题，激光对表面的影响、润湿理论、大规模应用及表面修复机制等方面的研究还有待深入探索，为制备出稳定、耐久的超疏水表面提供了更多可能性。

关键词: 激光加工, 超疏水表面, 润湿理论, 表面处理