Abstract:

With the rapid development of industry and catering service industry, the discharge of oil bearing alkaline salt water is becoming more and more frequent, which poses a serious threat to ecological environment. In order to deal with oil pollution removal under complex water conditions, it is urgent to develop a cheap, degradable and efficient material for oily water treatment. By hydrothermal at low temperature and chemical liquid phase reduction technologies, hydrophobic copper/calcium carbonate (Cu/CaCO₃) layer was deposited on the surface of filter paper, and a modified filter paper with dual superlyophobic (hydrophobic under oil/oleophobic under water) property was obtained. The wettability, surface morphology and structure of the modified filter paper were analyzed by contact angle measuring instrument, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectricity spectroscopy (XPS). The water contact angle under oil and oil contact angle under water was 142° and 145°, respectively. After soaking in alkaline salt water for different time periods, there was no obvious change in the dual superlyophobic property of the modified filter paper. Through the wetting of oil or water, the filter paper could achieve effective separation of high density oil or low density oil in alkaline salt water only under gravity drive, and the separation efficiency was higher than 97.7%. After the separation for 20 times, the separation efficiency of the modified filter paper remained stable. The dual superlyophobic filter paper had the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost and degradability, and had potential application prospect in the separation of oil from alkaline high-salt wastewater.

Key words: surface, interface, waste water, filter paper, dual superlyophobic, alkaline salt water, oil

摘要：

随着工业和餐饮服务业的快速发展，含油碱性盐水的排放日益频繁，给生态环境造成了严重威胁。为了应对复杂水况下的油污去除，发展一种低廉、可降解且高效的油水处理材料迫在眉睫。本文通过低温水热和化学液相还原技术将疏水铜/碳酸钙（Cu/CaCO₃）结构层沉积到滤纸表面，制备得到一种具有双疏性（油下疏水/水下疏油）的改性滤纸。通过接触角测量仪、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线光电能谱（XPS）等分析了改性滤纸的润湿性、表面形貌和组成结构。改性滤纸的油下水接触角和水下油接触角分别为142°和145°。在碱性盐水中浸泡不同时间后，改性滤纸的双疏性没有明显改变。通过油或水润湿，该滤纸仅在重力驱动下可实现碱性盐水中高密度油或低密度油的有效分离，分离效率达到97.7%以上。20次反复分离后，改性滤纸的分离效率仍然保持稳定。双疏性滤纸制备过程简易、成本低且可降解，在碱性高盐废水中的油污分离方面具有潜在的应用前景。

关键词: 表面, 界面, 废水, 滤纸, 双疏, 碱性盐水, 油